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23  WIST  MAIN  STRUT 

VVIISTIR,N.Y.  UStO 

(716)  t73^S03 


0 


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i 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICIViH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  IMicroreproductions  /  Institut  canadien  de  microreproductions  historiques 


T«ehnieal  and  WbHograpMe  NotM/NotM  MohnlqiMS  at  MbliographlqiiM 


Tlw  Inttltiit*  has  attMnptwl  to  obtain  tha  baat 
original  eo|>y  avaHaMa  for  fllmlnfl.  Faaturaa  of  tMa 
eo|iy  whieh  may  ba  MbHoflrapMcaNy  unlqua, 
whieh  may  aKar  any  of  tha  imagaa  In  tha 
raproduction,  or  whieh  may  tignlfleantly  changa 
tha  uaual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chaekad  balow. 


D 


D 


D 
D 


D 


D 


Colourod  covars/ 
Couvartura  da  coulaur 


I     I  Covara  damagad/ 


Couvartura  andommagia 

Covart  rastorad  and/or  laminatad/ 
Couvartura  raataurAa  at/ou  paliiculAa 


I — I   Covar  titia  misting/ 


La  titra  da  couvartura  manqua 


□   Coiourad  maps/ 
Carta*  gAographiquas  mn  coulaur 

□  Coiourad  ink  (i.a.  othar  than  blua  or  hiacic)/ 
Encra  da  coulaur  (i.a.  autra  qua  blaua  ou  noira) 

I — I  Coiourad  piataa  and/or  illuatrations/ 


Planchaa  at/ou  illustrations  an  coulaur 

Bound  with  othar  matarial/ 
RalM  avac  d'autras  documants 

Ticht  binding  may  causa  shadows  or  distortion 
along  intarior  margin/ 

La  re  iiuro  sarrAe  paut  causar  da  I'ombra  ou  da  la 
distortion  ia  long  da  la  marga  intiriaura 

Blank  leavas  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutias 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  la  taxte. 
mais.  iorsque  cela  itait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  4t4  filmAes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  supplAmentaires: 


L'Inetitut  a  microfilm*  la  meWeur  exemplaira 
qull  hii  a  4tA  posslMa  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
da  eat  axempleire  qui  sent  peut-Atre  uniquee  du 
point  de  vue  MMIographiqua,  qui  pauvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mAthcda  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


n~|  Coloured  peges/ 


D 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  fiimt  au  taux  de  rAduction  indiquA  ci-dessous. 


Pages  de  couleur 

Peges  damaged/ 
Pagae  andommag^es 

Pages  restored  end/oi 

Pages  restaurAes  et/ou  peiliculAes 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxei 
Pages  dAcoiortos,  tacheties  ou  piquAes 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  dAtachAes 


I — I  Peges  damaged/ 

|~n  Pages  restored  end/or  laminated/ 

pT^  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

|~n  Pages  detached/ 


y>|   Showthrough/ 
Transparence 


Thai 
tttth 


Tha 
ofth 

OfiBi 
baab 
thai 


orNft 


Thai 
shaN 
TINU 


nn   Quality  of  print  varies/ 


Quaiit*  inAgale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementery  material/ 
Comprend  du  mat^riai  supplAmentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seuie  Mition  disponibie 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partieliement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuiiiet  d'arrata.  une  peiure. 
etc..  ont  At  A  fiimAes  i  nouveau  de  fapon  A, 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


right 
raquh 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

2tX 

30X 

J 

12X 

16X 

aox 

24X 

28X 

32X 

t»tlw 


*t«Ht 
•  du 
nodifiw 

llm«g« 


TiM 
OftiM 


atl^i^  eoMf  and  In  knanfam  wiiili  iIm 


!• 


TiMlMt 

•haN  em 
TINUEO").  or  tha 


syinool  ^f  iniaaMnf 


"COW- 
-INO"l. 


L'axamplaka  fHmA  fut  rapraduh  griet  i  la 


Hat     ■■■[■ii  d^  AUfeAatfM 

UMVMHiy  or  AMW 


Ua  imagaa  auivantaa  cm  «ti  raproduitaa  avae  la 
pliM  grand  toin.  eompta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  ia  nattot*  da  I'axamplaira  film*,  at  an 
eonformit*  avae  lea  eondltiona  du  contrat  da 
fHmaga. 

Lea  aaamplairaa  originaux  dent  la  eouvartura  an 
paplar  eat  imprimda  sent  fHmda  an  commandant 
par  la  premier  plat  at  an  terminant  toit  par  la 
damttre  pege  qui  eomporte  une  empreinte 
dimpreealon  ou  d'illuatration.  soit  par  la  aacond 
plat,  aalon  le  eaa.  Toua  lea  autrea  axamplairea 
originaux  tent  fHmAe  en  eommen^ant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  eomporte  una  empreinte 
dimpreeeion  ou  dINuetration  at  en  terminent  par 
la  damlAre  pege  qui  eomporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  dee  aymbolee  auiventa  apperattra  mir  la 
damiAre  imege  do  ctieque  microfiche,  selon  le 
caa:  la  symbole  — ^  signifie  "A  8UIVRE".  le 
aymbole  ▼  aignifie  "FIN". 


Ml 


«  ^nHm*» 


bafiimadet 
too  large  to  be 


rignt  and  top  to  bottom 
required.  Tno  foNownng 


comer,  left  to 
framee  aa 
Mkiatrate  the 


Lee  certee.  plenchea,  tabiaeuK,  etc..  peuvent  Atre 
fllmte  *  dee  taux  da  rMuction  diffiranta. 
Loraque  le  document  eet  trop  grend  pour  ttre 
reproduit  en  un  aeui  cHch*.  il  eet  film*  i  pertir 
do  Tangle  supAriour  geuche,  do  geuche  *  droite, 
et  do  haut  an  baa.  en  prenent  le  nombre 
d'imegoe  nAceeaaira.  Lea  diagremmet  auiventa 
illuatrant  le  m4thode. 


»rrata 
to 


pelure, 

m  A, 


1  2  3 


32X 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

SYNOPSIS 


OF  THE 


FAMILIES  AND  GENERA 


OF 


NORTH  AMERICAN  DIPTERA, 

EXCLUSIVE  OF  THE  GENERA  OF  THE  NEMATOCERA 
AND  MUSCIDyE, 

WITH 

BIBLIOGRAPHY   AND  NEW  SPECIES,  1878-88. 


BY 


SAMUEL    W.    WILLISTON, 

Professor  of  Anatomy,  Y«l«  University. 


NEW  HAVEN: 

J.    T.     HATHAWAt,    PCBLISHEB. 

1888. 


A> 


V' 


NORTH     AMERICAN     DIPTERA. 


INTRODUCTION. 


4 


t 


Thk  writer  haa,  during  the  past  Ave  yeara,  published  in  different 
periodical*  various  synoptic  tables  of  the  families  and  genera  of 
North  American  Diptera.  The  intention  was,  at  first,  to  reprint 
these  with  revisions,  that  they  might  be  more  accessible  to  those 
interested  in  this  order  of  insects.  In  order  to  make,  it  is  trusted, 
the  tables  of  more  service,  those  of  other  families  have  been  added, 
either  as  compiled  or  reproduced  from  standard  authorities,  or  pre- 
pared from  the  examination  of  specimens  in  the  author's  collection. 
It  will  be  understood,  however,  that,  in  not  a  few  families,  the  pres- 
ent condition  of  American  dipterology  does  not  admit  of  the  prepa- 
ration of  synopses  free  from  error ;  the  writer's  acquaintance,  too, 
with  not  a  few  families,  has  been  less  complete  than  with  others, 
and  it  is  very  true  that  only  he  who  has  made  a  critical  study  of 
abundant  material  is  competent  to  compile  such  tables  with  much 
success.  For  this  reason,  the  tables  of  genera  in  the  Nematocerous 
and  Muscid  families  have  been  omitted.  It  may  be  mentioned 
that  very  nearly  all  the  genera  defined  in  the  present  work  have 
lieen  examined  by  the  writer,  though  not  all  with  the  same  degree 
of  critical  study.  The  faunal  limits  embraced  are  those  north  of 
Mexico ;  and  whenever  extralimital  forma  are  introduced  they  will 
be  found  preceded  by  a  ^ . 

The  student  will  soon  learn  that  the  characters  of  many  flies 
are  not  so  simple  and  apparent  as  a  mere  synoptic  table  would 
indicate  them  to  be.  He  will  often  be  puzzled  at  the  interpre- 
tation of  charactera,  even  after  he  haa  acquired  a  conaiderable  expe- 
rience. Furthermore,  it  is  often  necessary  to  study  any  author  a 
conaiderable  time  before  he  becomes  thoroughly  familiar  with  his 
peculiarities  of  style  and  modes  of  expression ;  he  must  become,  one 
may  say,  familiar  with  the  personal  equation  of  each  writer  before 
he  can  feel  confidence  in  the  results  obtained  from  him.  It  is  pre- 
cisely those  authors  who  reduce  that  personal  equation  to  the  mini- 
mum who  are  most  successful  as  describers.  One,  for  instance,  may 
feel  confident  of  a  determination  of  a  species  described  by  Macquart, 


742537 


Famimeh  and  Genera  op 


where  the  same  description  under  Osten  Saeken's  name  he  would 
feel  certain  did  not  apply.  Doubt  of  the  right  generic  location  of  a 
specimen  may  often  l>e  surest  dissipated  by  attempting  to  refer  to 
some  species.  In  fact  the  only  way  that  the  present  writer  was  en- 
abled to  generically  iletermine  the  larger  part  of  his  species  in  his 
earlier  stwlies  was  by  first  ascertaining  the  species.  Until  the  stu- 
dent has  acquired  a  sort  of  intuitive  acquaintance  with  the  different 
families,  the  work  will  often  be  tedious,  but,  by  perseverance,  he 
can  not  fail  to  overcome  whatever  obstacles  families  and  genera 
may  present.  He  will  be  very  much  aided,  at  the  beginning,  how- 
ever, by  having  a  tolerably  large  collection  at  his  command — already 
named  by  some  one  else  if  convenient — by  which  to  make  compar- 
isons. Difficulties  to  the  inexperienced  will  often  disappear,  with 
positive  evidence  before  him,  where  negative  characters  are  puz- 
zling. 

To  determine  his  species  the  student  will  need  a  large  series  of 
papers,  a  list  of  which  up  to  1878,  will  be  found  in  Osten  Sacken's 
Catalogue,  and  from  that  time  to  the  present  in  the  concluding 
pages  of  this  work.  But,  very  much  can  be  done  with  a  much 
smaller  and  more  accessible  list.  After  he  has  become  acquainted 
with  the  order  in  general,  he  can  select  any  particular  group  and 
procure  the  papers  for  systematic  work  in  that  group  at  compara- 
tively small  expense.  Much  the  larger  part  of  the  descriptions,  it 
is  true,  will  be  found  in  foreign  languages,  but  that  need  not  deter 
him ;  descriptive  phraseology  is  very  simple,  and  it  needs  but  a  little 
exertion  to  become  sufficiently  acquainted  with  the  four  or  five  lan- 
guages to  read  descriptions  in  them  with  ease  or  even  to  write  them, 
if  need  be.  A  thorough  knowledge  of  the  German,  however,  is  ab- 
solutely essential  before  much  headway  can  be  made.  As  in  many 
other  branches  of  biology,  German  literature  is  by  far  the  most  im- 
portant and  abundant — indeed  it  is  almost  a  matter  of  doubt  whether 
the  balance  between  the  bad  and  good  in  dipterological  literature 
by  the  French,  English  and  Italian  authors  is  not  almost  equal, 
and  this  without  intimating  anything  against  the  really  good  authors 
these  countries  have  produced  :  Walker,  Desvoidy  aud  Lioy  make 
a  combination  hanl  to  match  in  any  branch  of  science. 

The  following  works  are  to  be  commended  for  the  use  of  the  be- 
ginner 

^  OsTEM  Sacken.     Catalogue  of  Diptera,  2d  edition,   Smithsonian 
Institution,  1878. 


\ 


# 


•    \ 


North  Amrricam  Diptrra. 


V^i 


Hthinrr.    Fauna  Austriaca,    Diptera.    2  vols.    Vienna,  1882-64. 

— ^    IjOkw  and  Ohtkn  Sackkk.    Mnnni^'apha  of  North  American  Diptera. 

^  4  volt.     Smithflonlan  Institution,  1862-72. 

♦^nViLLinTOif.     SynopRis  of  the  North  American    Sjrphid».    Bull. 

IT.  a.  National  Museum,  No.  31,  1886. 

/  tt  Oatrn  Sackbn.    Prodrome  to  a  Monograph  of  thcTabanidv.    Boa- 

ton  Soe.  Nat.  Hist.  1875-8. 
\^\jQV9i.    Diptera  Centuriae,  1860-1872.    (One  thousand  oew  N.  A. 
species.) 
Z  i^V  WiRDBMANN.     A ussoreuropacische  Zzeifluegelige  Insekten,  1828-90. 
I  s^  Macquart.    Dipteres  Exotiques  Noveaux  ou  pen  Connus.    2  vols. 
«nd  5  supplements,  1888-55. 
«    Mrioen.    Systematische  Beschreibung  der  Europalscheu  Zweiflae- 
geligen  Insekten,  1818-^38.    (Useful  for  the  figures.) 
OsTKN  Sackek.    Biologia  Ccntrali-Americana,  Diptera,  1^6.     (Ac- 
jj/'       cess  to  this  work  can  only  be  obtained  in  large  libraries.) 
Vpchiner.    Novara  Expedition,  Diptera,  1868. 
/-/^  .Macqitart.   Histoire  nat.  des  Dipteres,  Suites  a  Buffon.  2  toIs.  1885. 

The  above  list  has  been  arranged  in  about  the  order  in  which 
the  works  will  prove  the  most  useful. 

In  order  to  render  the  tables  and  descriptions  intelligible  to  the 
student  wholly  unacquainted  with  this  order  of  insects,  for  whom, 
indeed,  the  present  work  is  more  especially  intended,  some  brief 
descriptions  of  the  peculiar  terminology  is  necessary.  The  termi- 
nology here  used  is  essentially  that  of  Loew,  who  gives  a  fuller  exposi- 
tion of  it  in  the  first  volume  of  his  monographs,  works  which,  with 
Osten  Sacken's  more  recent  catalogue,  will  be  of  first  importance  to 
all  those  who  would  pursue  the  study  further  than  that  of  mere 
separation  into  families  and  genera. 

Terminoloot  of  Diptera. — ^The  large  compound  eyes  are  present 
in  all  diptera,  except  some  pupipara.  In  the  majority  of  males  they 
are  contiguous  on  the  upper  part  (holoptic),  rarely  so  in  the 
females.  The  narrow  border,  immediateV  >  unrounding  them  is 
the  ORBIT,  indicating  often  a  more  or  less  in.4  -linite  space.  When 
the  eyes  are  separated  (dichoptic),  as  they  are  in  most  females  and 
many  males,  the  space  between  them,  limited  above  by  the  upper 
margin  of  the  head,  or  vertex,  and  below  by  a  line  drawn  across 
the  base  of  the  antennae,  is  called  the  front  ;  on  the  lower  part  of 
the  front,  in  most  diptera  cyclorrhapha,  there  is  a  crescentic  space 
(frontal  liUNULs)  separated  by  an  impressed  line.  On  the  upper 
part  of  the  front,  near  the  vertex,  there  are  usually  three,  rarely 
two,  often  no,  simple,  small  eyes,  called  ocrIiLi — their  presence  or 
absence  is  an  important  character.  In  the  holoptic  male,  the  trian- 
gle upon  which  these  ocelli  are  situated,  limited  in  front  by  the  eyes, 


\ 


Familibh  ani>  Oknbha  or 


behind  by  the  rertical  margin.  !•  known  m  the  ocbllab,  or  tbbti- 
OAL,  triangle ;  a  aimilar  triangle  below,  abore  the  base  of  the  cnten- 
lUB,  is  called  the  rsoKTAL  tbiaitolb.  Below  the  antenna,  the 
■pace,  limited  by  the  oral  margin,  the  cheeks  and  the  eyes,  is  the 
VACS,  and  characters  drawn  from  it  are  of  the  highest  ralue  in  spe- 
cific ciassiflcation.  The  space  below  the  eyes,  indefinitely  limited 
in  front  by  the  face,  and  behind  by  the  margin  of  the  occifitt  (the 
posterior  surface  of  the  head)  is  the  ohbbk.  Of  the  mouth-parts, 
the  PBOBOKU,  when  not  rarely  absent,  with  its  terminal,  often  fleshy, 
scraping  or  suctorial  flaps,  the  labblla,  and  the  one  to  five  Jointed 
PALPI  at  the  base,  is  the  most  important.  The  oral  margin  of  the 
face  is  sometimes  spoken  of  as  the  peristoma,  or  hypostoma, 
but  the  more  common  and  better  term  is  bpistoma.  Of  the  antennae, 
the  third  joint,  in  the  brachycerous  and  cyclorrhaphous  diptera, 
usually  bears  a  bristle  (arista),  or  style.  . 

The  THOBAX  is  composed,  as  in  other  insects,  of  three  parts, 
the  PBO-thoraz,  iiBso-thorax,  and  xsTA-thorax,  but  the  first  and 
and  the  last  are  so  aborted  as  to  present  but  few  anatomical  charac- 
ters. The  prothorax  is  perhaps  most  readily  distinguished  in  the 
nematocerous  flies,  forming  a  rounded  collar,  back  of  the  heok. 
The  metathorax  is  not  seen  at  all  from  above ;  the  boutellitm,  a 
semi-OTal  body  behind,  cut  off  by  an  impressed  line,  really  belongs 
to  the  mesothorax,  the  dorsum  of  which  is  often  called  the  mesomo- 
TUM.  Across,  near  the  middle  of  the  mesonotum,  there  is  an 
impressed  line,  terminating  on  each  side  a  little  in  front  of  the  wing8> 
that  is  known  as  the  tranbvbrse  sdtdrb.  The  anterior  superior 
angles  of  th»  thorax  are  the  hdmbri,  or  humeral  callosities,  and 
on  the  margin  of  the  mesonotum,  between  the  wings  and  the  acutel- 
lum,  there  is,  on  each  side,  an  oval,  obtuse  process,  named  the  post- 
alar  CALLUS.  Limiting  the  mesonotujn,  running  from  the  humerus 
to  the  wing,  is  the  dorbo-plecral  sutcrb  ;  below  it,  the  whole  side 
of  the  thorax  forms  the  plxcra,  divided  by  sutures  into  smaller 
spaces  called  the  Msso-pleura,  STSRMo-pleura,  HTPO-pleura,  and 
MBTA-pleura.  The  under  part  of  the  thorax  is  the  pectus  or  breast. 
The  oval,  arched  portion  behind,  beneath  thescutellum,  is  the  meta- 
KOTUH,  and,  on  either  side,  we  see  a  slender  organ  with  a  knob-like 
head,  the  aborted  second  pair  of  wings,  and  known  as  the  balancers, 
poisers,  or  haltbrbb.  Above  them,  and  back  of  the  base  of  the 
wings,  are  the  more  or  less  well-developed  membranous  acalea,  the 
tbouljc. 


NOKTH   AllEatCAN   DtPTBBA. 


The  term  abdombm  is  usiullj  applied  to  the  upper  tide  of  the 
third  prinvip*!  part  of  tlie  imect,  only ;  for  the  under  side  we  use 
the  twin  VBNTBB.  At  the  terminal  part  of  the  male  abdomen,  are 
the  Mxual  appendngei,  to  which  the  name  htpoptoiitm  it  applied. 
In  the  female,  the  correiiponding  part  it  the  ovipoanoB. 

To  understand  the  neuration  of  the  wiiioe,  let  the  student  select 
for  comparison  a  common  large  horse-flr  (Tabanida)  and  a 
common  house  or  blue-bottle  fly  (M  u s c i  da).  Obsenre  in  the  for* 
mer,  near  the  middle  of  the  wing,  directed  transTerselr,  a  large,  ob- 
long, Are  or  six-sided  cell,  surrounded  on  all  sides  by  other  cells. 
This  is  the  disoai.  cell,  and  is  present  in  nearly  all  flies.  Some, 
where  on  the  vein  (foubth  lokgituoiiial)  tliat  bounds  this  cell  in 
front,  will  be  seen  a  short  connecting  rein,  directed  anteriorly ;  this 
is  the  ANTBBiOB  or  bmall  cboss-vbin,  and  affords,  in  most  cases,  a 
key  to  the  neuration,  no  matter  how  intricate.  It  always  connects 
the  fourth  longitudinal  vein  behind  with  the  third  longitudinal  in 
front ;  the  cell  behind  it  is  the  discal,  in  front  the  submaboihai.,  on 
the  outer  side  the  fibst  postbbiob,  on  the  inner  side  the  fibbt  basal. 
Lying  parallel  with  the  flrst  basal  cell,  and  just  behind  it,  is  the 
bboohd  basal  cell ;  just  behind  the  seeond  basal  cell  is  the  thibo 
BASAL  or  ANAL  cell.  In  the  horse-fly,  the  anal  cell  is  seen  to  run 
back  obliquely  to  near  the  posterior  margin  of  the  wing,  where  it 
terminates  acutely,  that  is,  the  anal  cell  is  said  to  be  closed  near  the 
border  of  the  wing ;  should  the  two  veins  that  close  it  run  separately 
into  the  wing's  margin,  then  the  cell  is  open.  Now,  countins  out- 
wardly along  the  posterior  border  to  the  third  longitudinal  rein 
{posterior  branch),  there  will  be  seen  five  posterior  cells,  all  open 
except  in  a  few  species  of  our  Tabanidn  the  flrst  posterior  cell 
is  closed),  with  their  bases  bordering  on  the  discal  and  flrst  and  sec- 
ond basal  cells.  By  following  the  third  longitudinal  vein  outwardly 
from  the  anterior  cross- vein,  it  is  seen  to  give  off  an  anterior  branch, 
which  runs  to  terminate  in  the  front  margin  or  cobta  of  the  wing; 
the  third  longitudinal  Tcin  is  here  furcate,  and  two  submarginal  cells 
are  present.  Compare  now  these  same  structures  in  the  house-fly, 
and  the  discal  is  found  much  more  elongated,  the  basal  and  anal  cells 
small,  the  third  longitudinal  rein  simple,  not  furcated,  and  onlv  one 
submarginal  and  three  posterior  cells  are  present.  Do  not  confound 
the  obliquely  placed  rein  that  nearly  closes  the  flrst  posterior  cell 
with  the  furcation  of  the  tfiird  rein.  The  house-fly  will  also  show 
clearly  the  six  longitudinal  veins,  the  last  of  which  runs  obliquely 
backward  from  the  anal  cell  toward  the  margin,  the  fifth  bordering 
the  discal  cell  behind,  the  flrst  and  second  running  into  the  costa. 
The  flrst  vein  that  terminates  in  the  costa  (before  the  middle  of 
the  wing)  is  the  auxiliabt.  The  vein  that  closes  the  discal  cell 
outwardly  is  the  pobtbbiob  or  obbat  cross-vein ;  the  vein  that  closes 
the  anal  cell  outwardly,  the  postbbiob  basal  cross  vein. 

By  comparing  the  tip  of  the  tabsi  (feet)  in  the  two  above-men- 
tioned flies,  the  student  will  immediately  observe  what  is  meant  by 
the  expression  "empodia  developed  pulvilliform."  The  middle 
membranous  appendage  on  the  underside  of  the  claws  (ukoubs)  in 
the  horse-fly  is  the  pulvilliform  bmfodiujc,  while  in  the  house-fly  the 


Familim  AKb  Obitbba  ov 


outer  ones,  the  pitlvilli,  alone  are  pretent.  The  tamui,  oompoaed 
of  Are  Joints,  the  proximal  one  of  which  ii  called  the  MBTA-tartut, 
the  TIBIA,  the  pbhiib,  and  the  ooxa,  attaching  the  leg  to  the  tliorax, 
will  be  rcadilj  ondentood. 

A  few  words  only,  a«  regards  the  collection  and  preserration  of 
flies.  Mohture  of  any  kind  spoils  all  specimens ;  for  that  reason 
they  should  always  be  pinned,  and  never  presenred  in  fluids.  Fur- 
ther, the  collecting  bottle  should  be  carefully  lined  with  blotting 
paper  to  absorb  the  moisture  exhaled.  Many  flies  are  injured  by 
rubbing  or  handling.  Specimens  should  always  be  pinned,  never 
glued  to  cards. 

Clamifioatiob  of  thb  Diptbra. — ^Professor  Brauer  has  recently 
published*  a  dassiflcatory  system  of  Diptera,  based  upon  the  im- 
mature and  mature  stages,  which,  as  the  most  recent  exposition  by 
one  recogniied  as  an  authority  in  the  classification  of  insects  in  gen- 
eral, is  worthy  of  acceptance,  at  least  in  greater  part.  It  will  be 
difllcult  to  supplant  some  of  the  names  already  in  use,  such  as  the 
Muscaria  calyptratsB,  etc.,  nor  is  such  desirable ;  but  names, 
here  ai  elsewhere,  are  wholly  of  secondary  importance — the  facts 
or  views  to  which  such  give  expression  are  all  that  He  at  present 
care  for.    His  system  is  aa  follows : 

Sub-onler   ORTHORRH APH A. 
/Tribe  Ecobphala.    MycetophilidaB,  Bibionidn,  Chiro- 
nomidsB,   OuliciOK,  Blepharuceridse,  Simulidae, 
Psychodidc,  Ptychopteridse,  Rhyphidas. 
[Tribe  Olioonbdka.    Cecidomyidae. 

be  PoLTNBURA.    Limuobidn,  Tipulidae. 

I/Tribe  Aoboftbba.    Lonchopteridss. 

'  Notacantha-  Stratiom.,Xyloph. 
Tanystoma.  Tabanidsa,  Acan- 
thomeridn,  Leptidae. 
.  Bombylimorpha  Acroc.,  Nemistr. 
(Procephala.  Mydaidaj,  AsilidiB, 
<  '  Bombylidn. 

f  DAOTTLA.  fjPotytoma.    TherevidsB,    Scenop. 

Tribe  Obthoobitta.    Bmpid»,  Dolichopodidn. 


Nbma- 

TOOBBA 


OU 

f/Tri 

jlTril 
pTril 


B  B  A  C  H- 
TOBBA. 


il»LATT- 
OBKTA. 


HOMOO- 
DACTYLA. 

Hbtbbo- 


AsoRisja 
3oHiEO-OTri] 


Sub-order    CTCLORRH  APH  A. 

Tribe  STBPHiDiB.  '^Qyrphidn^jPipuncuUdn. 
Tribe  Htpoobba. 


Qyrphidn/PipuncuUdn 
'  niorids/Platypexidn. 


8 


^IMbe  PcpiPABA.    HippoboscidsB,  Nycteribidn. 


4- 


•Denkiolir.  d.  k.  Akad.  d.  Wlssensoh.  XLTU.  11,  IMI. 


Kowni  Ambmoak  Dim»A. 


TABLE  OF  FAMILIES. 


- 


t.  FUm  of  a  leathery  or  homy  •troctare,  living  parMiticallj  in 
the  ad  alt  state  upon  warm-blooded  rertebratet ;  head  nnall, 
either  closely  anited  to  the  emarginate  anterior  part  of 
the  thorax,  or  folding  back  into  a  groove  upon  the  donum ; 
mouth-parti  Incomplete,  the  palpi  wanting ;  legs  separated  by 
the  broad  sternum ;  abdomen  indistinctly  segmentated ;  claws 

well  developed 49 

Flies  of  softer  structure,  never  living  parasitically  In  the  adult 
state  upon  warm-blooded  vertebrates;  head  separated  from 
thorax  by  a  free  neck 2 

S.  Antenn*  nwny-jolnted,  often  longer  than  the  thorax,  the  two 
basal  Joints,  only,  differentiated,  the  remaining  Joints  usually 
distinct ;  palpi  composed  of  from  three  to  Ave  joints,  usually 
elongate ;  anal  cell  never  closed  or  narrowed  at  the  margin.* 

(Neroatocera.) i        8 

Antennie  rarely  as  long  as  the  thorax,  composed  primarily  of 
three  Joints,  Iho  third  of  which  may  be  simple  or  complex, 
( that  Is,  composed  of  more  or  less  distinct  annull  or  segments, ) 
with  or  without  a  terminal  or  dorsal  arista  or  style ;  anal  cell 
closed  before  the  border,  or  distinctly  narrowed  In  the  border, 
or,  if  other  structure,  the  antenntt  composed  of  three  simple 
Joints ;  palpi  rarely  much  elongate,  composed  of  from  one  to 
three  joints U 

8.  Dorsum  of  thorax  with  a  distinct  V-shaped  suturet;  wings  (want- 
ing in  Chionea), many-veined,  often  with  a  complete  discal 
cell;  ocelli  wanting  (present  in  Trie  hoc  era);  of  ten  large 

flies TlVVLIDiB 

Dorsum  of  thorax  without  a  V-shaped  suture,  or  rarely  with  any 
transverse  suture  (Blepharoce r Idas.)      ...         4 

*  P  leo  la,  >nd  perhaps  some  others,  may  be  exaeptloas. 

tBlttaeomorphs,  Ptyehoptera,  and  Idioplasta  will  ahmc 
eause  dou  t  here.  They  have  the  suture  Ineompletely  V>shaped  aod  slna> 
orn.  The  last  wUI  be  dlstugnlUied  flpom  Bhyphida  ebielly  by  the 
absence  of  oeelU;  the  two  fbrmer  will  be  sepaniled  from  the  Cnlle  Am  by 
the  absence  of  hair  on  the  veins,  their  large  else,  and  in  Bltiaceaorpha 
by  the  peenUar  elnbbed  tlhte. 


10 


Familibs  and  Obnbra  or 


4.  A  complete  discal  cell  present;  ocelli  present;  empodia  derel- 
oped  pulvilliform,  pulvilli  rudimentarj.  RHTPHiDis 

No  discal  cell *         6 

6.  Wings  with  onlj  a  few  longitudinal  reins,  and  no  cross-reins ; 
coxsB  not  elongate,  tibisB  without  terminal  spurs,  legs  not  thick- 
ened; ocelli  present  or  absent;  small  or  minute,  delicate, 
mostly  gall-producing  flies.  Cbcidomtidjd 

Not  such  flies,  wings  usually  many-reined..        .       .  -6 

6.  Ocelli  present 7 

Ocelli  wanting  (compare  MycetophilidsB.)  9 

7.  Wings  broad,  bare,  characteristically  marked  by  numerous  folds 

between  the  reins,  giring  a  netted,  spiderweb-like  appear- 
ance  Blbpharocbbida 

Wings  not  so  marked ;  no  entire  transrerse  suture.  8 

8.  CoxiB  much  elongated  (moderately  so  in  Sciarinte);  antenna 

often  elongate,  the  joints  constricted;  three  or  two  ocelli  (in 
the  latter  case  situated  near  the  eyes,  and  often  hardly  per- 
ceptible); all  the  tibisB  with  spurs.  MroBTOPHiLiD« 
Cox8B  short,  the  thorax  rounded,  not  humped,  abore ;  antennas 
shorter  than  the  thorax,  thickened,  the  joints  closely  united 
without  marked  constrictions ;  legs  strong,  the  front  femora 
often  thickened ;  empodia  pulrilliform,  the  pulrilli  sometimes , 
absent;  eyes  of  male  large.  Bibionida 

9.  The  costa'.  or  marginal  rein  does  not  extend  beyond  the  tip  of 

the  wing. 10 

The  marginal  rein  encompasses  the  entire  wing.  .        .       .    11 

10.  Antennas  slender,  the  joints  more  or  less  constricted,  and  often 

bushy  plumose ;  legs  slender,  hind  tibiae  and  metatarsi  nerer 
dilated;  body  and  abdomen  slender;  wings  narrow. 

Chironobiida 
Antennas  shorter  than  the  thorax,  the  joints  broadly  and  closely 
united,  without  marked  constrictions,  and  nerer  hairy  or  pi- 
lose ;  legs  strong,  hind  pair  more  or  less  dilated ;  body  thick- 
set, cbdomen  ovate;  wings  broad,  bare,  the  anterior  reins 
stouter,  the  posterior  ones  weak.    Black-flies,  buffalo-gnats. 

SlMDLIDiB 

11.  Wings  distally,  with  ten  longitudinal  reins,  without  cross-reins, 

broad,  pointed,  reins  strongly  hairy ;  tibiae  without  terminal 
spurs ;  small,  lepidoptera-like  flies,  the  wings,  when  at  rest, 
folded  roof-ihaped Pbtohodidx 


I 


North  Ambbicaw  Diptbba. 


11 


Wings  with  small  cross-veins  near  the  middle,  not  broad  and 
pointed,  the  veins  hairy  and  conspicuously  fringed  along  the 
hind  margin ;  wings  when  at  rest  not  roof-shaped.  Mosqui- 
toes  CuLICIDiB 

12.  Third  joint  of  the  antennae  complex;  basal  cells  of  wings  long.  13 
Antennae  composed  of  three  simple  joints,  the  third  not  annu- 
lated  or  segmentated,  with  or  without  a  dorsal  arista,  or  ter- 
minal style  or  arista 10 

18.  Empodia  undeveloped  or  bristle-like;  antenna  elongate,  com- 
posed of  four  or  five  joints,  without  differentiated  style  or 
arista ;  vertex  and  front  hollowed  out  transversely  between 
the  eyes ;  eyes  of  male  never  contiguous.  ...  26 
Bmpodia  developed  pulvilliform ;  third  antennal  joint  more  or 
less  distinctly  segmentated  or  annulated ;  body  not  bristly    14 

14.  Tegulse  rather  large ;  third  longitudinal  vein  furcate ;  five  pos- 

terior cells  always  present ;  the  costal  vein  encompasses  the 
whole  margin  of  the  wing;  proboscis  of  the  female  adapted 
for  piercing ;  third  joint  of  antennae  with  from  three  to  eight 
annuli,  never  with  style  or  bristle.  Horseflies.  .  Tabamida 
Tegulae  small  or  rudimentary ;  mostly  flower-flies.  (See  N o  ta- 
cantha.) 16 

15.  Tibiae  wholly  without  terminal  spurs ;  longitudinal  veins  of  the 

wings  usually  crowded  anteriorly,  those  posteriorly  often 
weak ;  the  costal  vein  does  not  reach  beyond  the  tip  of  the 
wing ;  antennae  long  or  short,  with  or  without  a  terminal  or 
dorsal  arista  or  terminal  style.  Stbatiomyidjb 

The  middle  tibiae  at  least,  with  distinct  spurs ;  the  costal  vein 
encompaMes  the  entire  wing ;  third  longitudinal  vein  always 
furcate,  and  five  posterior  cells  always  present.     .  16 

16.  All  the  tibiae  with  spurs;  third  joint  of  antennae  sometimes  di- 

vided into  separate  divisions.  Xtlophaoidjb 

Front  tibiae  without  spurs.  ...'...        17 

17.  Fourth  posterior  cell  oi  wings  closed  (Subula). 

Stbatiomtidjb,  pt. 
Fourth  posterior  cell  open  (Art hrocerinae.)  .  .        18 

18.  Face  projecting  on  each  side  into  a  rounded  conical  protuber^ 

ance Glutopb 

Face  with  two  diverging  furrows.  .  Abthkocbbas 


L 


IS 


FAMIblES   AKD  GkNERA   OF 


10.  Antennae  apparently  single- jointed,  with  a  long  bristle;  wings 
with  several  stout  veins  anteriorly,  and  other  weaker  ones 
running  across  the  surface  unconnected  by  cross- veins;  fem- 
ora flattened,  the  hind  legs  long ;  antennae  situated  near  the 
mouth ;  small,  quick-running,  hunchback-like  flics.  rHORiDiis 
Not  such  flies 20 

90.  Empodia  developed  pulvilliform,  that  is,  three  nearly  equal, 

membranous  appendages  on  the  under  side  of  the  claws.    21 

Empodia  wanting,  rudimentary  or  linear,  not  developed  like  the 

pulvilli 23 

-21.  Tegulse  very  large,  inflated ;  thorax  and  abdomen  inflated ;  head 
small,  eyes  very  large ;  neuration  varied.          .    Achoceridx 
Tegulse  of  moderate  size  or  rudimentary 22 

22.  Middle  tibioe,  at  least,  with  spurs,  no  bristles  on  femora  or  tibiae ; 

third  longitudinal  vein  furcate;  Ave  posterior  cells  present 
(four  in  Agnotomyia);  anterior  cross-vein  always  distinct; 
third  joint  of  the  antennae  with  a  bristle  or  slender  style,  usu- 
ally terminal Lbptidjb 

Not  such  flies. 23 

23.  Third  longitudinal  vein  of  the  wing  simple,  not  furcate.      .    32 
Third  longitudinal  vein  furcate,  two'  or  more  submarginal  cells 

present 24 

24.  Arista  or  style  of  antennae,  when  present,  always  terminal.      25 
Arista  dorsal,  always  present. 37 

96.  Vertex  and  front  distinctly  hollowed  out  transversely  between 
the  eyes ;  eyes  of  male  never  contiguous ;  basal  cells  large ; 

mostly  large  flies 20 

Front  and  vertex  plane  or  convex;  eyes  of  male  often  con- 
tiguous         27 

96.  Proboscis  without  fleshy  labella  at  the  tip,  the  under  part  form- 

ing a  homy  sheath ;  the  posterior  branch  of  the  third  vein 
terminates  behind  the  tip  of  the  wing ;  five  posterior  cells  al- 
ways present ;  predaceous  flies Asilida 

Proboscis  with  fleshy  labella  at  the  tip ;  neuration  complicated, 
the  third  vein,  at  least,  curves  forward  to  terminate  before 
the  tip  of  the  wing ;  antennae  with  a  terminal  flattened  la- 
mella  MiDAIDiB 

97.  Five  posterior  cell!  in  the  wing ;  basal  cells  large.    .  80 
Never  more  than  four  posterior  cells  in  the  wing.                .98 


Nornm  Ambucan  DirrsBA. 


18 


S8.  Third  antennal  joint  without  bristle  or  atyle;  three  posterior 
cells ;  first  posterior  ceil  narrowed  or  closed,  the  fourth  lon- 
gitudinal rein  terminating  at  or  before  the  tip  of  the  wing. 

SCBNOPINIDA 

Third  antennal  joint  rarely  without  terminal  style ;  four  or  three 
posterior  cells;  the  fourth  vein  terminates  beyond  the  tip  of 
the  wing.  .       .        .        .      ' 29 

29.  Anal  cell  narrowly  open,  or  closed  near  the  borler.  BoxRTLin.« 
Anal  cell  closed  remote  from  the  border.  .  EnpiDiB 

90.  Neuration  intricate,  the  small  cross-vein  wanting  or  rudimentary, 
owing  to  the  coalescence  of  the  third  and  fourth  Teins  for  a 
longer  or  shorter  distance;  tibiae  without  terminal  spurs ;  em- 
podia  and  pnlTilli  membranous,  but  frequently  minute. 

Nkmistrinidjb 

Neuration  not  intricate;  the  anterior  cross-vein  always  distinct ; 

labella  of  proboscis  fleshy 81 

31.  The  posterior  branch  of  the  third  rein  terminates  before  the  tip 

of  the  wing;  male  sexual  organs  prominent.    .    Apiookbidjb 

The  posterior  branch  of  the  third  vein  terminates  behind  the  tip 

of  the  wing;  male  sexual  organs  small.  Thbhbyioji 

32.  Antenme  with  a  dorsal  arista. 88 

Antenns  with  a  terminal  arista  or  style 88 

33.  Wings  ptunted,  no  cross-Teins  in  the  middle,  the  fourth  longitu- 

dinal furcate  and  united  with  the  fifth ;  small  species. 

LONOHOPTBBIDJI 

Wings  rounded  at  the  tip,  not  lancet-like.         .       .       .       9k 

34.  Second  basal  cell  confluent  with  the  discal  cell,  not  separated  by 

a  small  vein ;  the  auxiliary  vein  does  not  terminate  in  the 
costa;  small,  moatly  brilliant-colored,  predaceous  flies. 

DOLICHOPODIDA 

Second  basal  cell  separated  from  discal  cell  by  a  small  vein.  86 

3&  AntennB  with  a  terminal  style.  80 

Antenn«  with  a  terminal  bristle 87 

86.  First  posterior  closed  (Conopids,  pt,  Syrphidn,  pt.)      41 
First  posterior  cell  open. Empiox 

87.  Head  comparatively  small ;  the  proboscis  usually  more  or  less 

el<mgated;  aluhs  of  wings  usually  rudimentary.         Empidjc 
Head  as  broad  as  the  thorax ;  proboscis  fleshy  i  alulfs  distinct. 

Flattpbxidjb 


14  Famiuis  axd  OamKA  of 

88.  ProboMis  radimenUury,  pftlpi  wanting ;  tint  poiterior  cell  nsualijr 

narrowed ;  tegulas  oaoally  large.    Botflies.  (EsTBiDiK 

Proboecit  not  rudimentary ;  palpi  present.         ...       39 

W.  Second  baaal  cell  confluent  with  the  diacal  cell ;  not  separated 
by  a  small  rein ;  small,  mostly  brilliant-colored,  predaceoos 
flies ;  face  nerer  broad  and  convez.  DouoaoroDiDJi 

8ec<md  basal  cell  separated  from  the  'discal  cell  by  a  small  cross- 
▼ein  (or,  if  not,  not  brilliant-colored,  predaceous  flies,  and  the 
face  always  broad  and  arched,  Bphydrintt.)  40 

40.  Posterior  basal  cells  of  wing  elongate ;  the  anal  cell  dosed  to- 

ward the  margin ;  first  posterior  cell  closed  or  much  narrowed 

(except 8s.metimes  in  Pipuncniidn.)       ...       41 

Posterior  basal  cells  of  wings  small ;  the  anal  cell  always  closed 

remote  from  the  margin. 48 

41.  Face  with  snb-antennal  Tertical  grooTes  or  depression.    (Co- 

nopide,  pt.)  .        .  48 

Ftce  convex  transYersely,  or  with  a  median  ridge ;  never  with  a 
sub-antennal  depression.  .       .  ,       tf 

42.  Between  the  third  and  fourth  longitudinal  veins,  and  sub-paral- 

lel with  them,  crossing  the  anterior  cross-vein,  a  spurious 
longitudinal  vein,  or,  when  rarely  not  present,  the  first  pos- 
terior cell  closed  a  considerable  distance  from  the  border; 
eyes  never  extraordinarily  large ;  abdomen  without  bristles. 

Stkphidjb 

Spurious  vein  never  present;  first  posterior  cell  never  closed 

before  the  margin;  eyes  very  htfge,  including  the  largest 

part  of  the  head ;  small  species.  PiFuxoiiUDiiB 

48.  Proboscis  honqr,  elongate,  often  foldiag  back  near  the  middle ; 
abdomen  never  with  bristles;  tibiK  without  terminal  spurs 
(or,  if  with  them,  the  face  with  a  median  ridge,  and  the  pro* 
bosds  folding;)  first  posterior  cell  closed  or  narrowed. 

CoNonDJc 

Proboscis  fieshy  and  not  elongate,  (or  if  elongate  and  slender, 

with  or  without  a  median  hinge,  the  abdomen  with  distinct 

bristles,  or  the  bristle  of  antouuB  plumose. )         .       .       44 

44.  T^ube  large;  face  with  sub-antennal  verticid  grooves  or  de- 
pression.   (Muscids  calyptratc)         ...       46 
Tegula  small MmoiiuB  acaltftkat^ 


dil 


V 


7 


^^^v 


m 


XoBTH  Ambbioah  Dipmu. 


16 


45.  lint  posterior  cell  widely  open,  not  narrowed  in  the  margin. 

AimiTOMTIDA 

FInt  posterior  cell  closed,  or  more  or  less  narrowed.  46 

4tt.  Antennal  arista  wholly  bare TAOBvnttM 

Antennal  arista  distinctly  pubescent  or  plumose.  47 

47.  Arista  bare  on  the  distal  part ;  dorsum  of  abdomen  rarely  bris- 

tly before  the  distal  part    ....       Saboofhaoibjb 
Arista  plumose  or  pubMcent  to  the  tip.  48 

48.  Dorsum  of  abdomen  bristly ;  legs  usually  elongate.        Diizibjb 
Abdominal  segments  without  bristles,  except  sometimes  sonbe- 

what  near  the  tip.  MmoiBM 

49.  Wingless  flies,  parasitic  upon  bats ;  head  not  flattened,  folding 

back  upon  the  dorsum  of  the  thorax ;  first  joint  of  tarsi  not 

abbreviated.  NTOTKBieiDiB 

Winged  or  wingless  flies,  parasitic  upon  birds  or  quadrupeds; 
head  flattened,  sunk  into  a  shallow  emargination  of  the 
thorax ;  first  joint  of  the  four  anterior,  or  all,  tarsi  abbre- 
viated. . HirroBOMiDiB 


10 


Familibb  AMD  Gbmbba  or 


FAMILY  CHARACTERS  AND  SYNOPSES  OF  GENERA. 


NOTACANTHA. 

Empodia  developed  pulvillifotm.  puWilli  present.  Without  dis- 
tinct bristles.  Basal  cells  of  wings  large.  Third  joint  of  antennas 
segmented  or  annalatcd.  Tegulae  small  or  rudimentary.  Proboscis 
not  adapted  for  piercing.     Males  holoptic  ordichoptic. 

1.  Tibiae  wholly  without  spurs ;  veins  usually  crowded  anteriorly. 

STHATIOMTIDiK 

Tibiae  more  or  less  spurred;  the  costal  vein  encompasses  the 
whole  wing ;  two  sub-marginal  and  five  posterior  cells  always 
present 2 

2.  All  the  tibiae  with  spurs 3 

Front  tibiae  without  spurs 4 

8.  Third  joint  of  antennae  not  acute  at  tip,  or,  if  so,  the  scutellum 
with  spines  on  its  border.     .  Xtlophaoid^ 

Third  joint  acute ;  palpi  cylindrical ;  scutellum  without  spines. 

Arthropbas 

4.  Fourth  posterior  cell  closed Subula 

Fourth  posterior  cell  open.     (Leptidae.)     .  5 

6.  Face  projecting  on  each  side  into  a  rounded  conical  protuberance, 

thickly  covered  with  hair Glutops 

Face  with  two  deep,  diverging  furrows,  running  from  the  base  of 
the  anteunae  to  the  oral  margin.  Arthrocbras 


XYLOPHAGID^. 

Species  of  moderate  or  large  size,  more  or  less  elongated,  thinly 
pilose,  or  nearly  bare.  Ocelli  present.  Antennae  elongate,  third 
joint  annulated  or  segmentated,  never  with  a  differentiated  style  or 
bristle.  Veins  of  the  wings  distinct,  not  crowded  anteriorly,  third 
longitudinal  vein  furcate ;  five  posterior  cells.  Abdomen  with  seven 
or  eight  visible  segments.     All  the  tibiae  with  spurs  at  the  tip. 

The  flies  are  usually  found  about  trees,  where  they  feed  upon  the 
sap,  or  about  decaying  logs,  and  are  often  mistaken  for  ichneu- 
monids. 


North  Ambbioan  Diptbba. 


17 


1.  All  four  poHterior  vuint*  ari»i>  fn>ni  thit  discal  cell;  head  small; 

seutellum  with  spines Ccbiiomtia 

The  last  posterior  vein  arises  from  the  second  basal  cell ;  hea<l 
not  small ;  suutellum  withitut  spines.         ....        2 

2.  Fourth  posterior  cell  closed ;  third  joint  of  antennae  much  eUm- 

gate,  composed  of  numerous  distinct  divisicms,  often  pec- 
tinate ;  eyes  emarj^iiiate  near  the  antennae.  Rhachicbbub 
Fourth  posterior  cell  open ;  third  joint  of  antennae  composed  of 
eight  annuli,  indistinctly  separated.     .  Xtlophaous 

RiiACHiCBBUB  Haliday,  in  Walker,  List,  etc.  V,  108,  1854. 
Xtlophaocs  Meigen,  in  lUiger's  Magazine,  II,  266,  1803. 
BoLBOMTiA  Loew,  Bernstein  und  Bernsteinfauna,  30,  1850. 
C(rnomyia  Latreille,  Precis  des  Caract.  Gener.  etc.  1797. 
SiTBULA  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  II,  15,  1820. 
Abthbopeas  Loew.     See  Leptidse. 
Abthbocebab  Williston.     See  Leptidae. 
Gi.uTOPs  Burgess.     See  Leptidffi. 


STKATIOMYIDi*: 

Head  large,  lieniisphericai.  Antennie  situated  at  or  below  the 
iiiidille  of  the  head  in  profile,  short  or  elongate,  the  third  joint  com- 
posed of  more  or  less  distinct  annuli ;  usually  with  a  more  or  less 
ditferentiated  style,  or  bristle.  Byes  bare  or  pilose;  ocelli  present. 
Si-utellum  often  with  thickened  spine-like  points.  Abdomen  elon- 
gate, clavate,  oval,  or  rounded,  flattened  or  convex  above,  of  five  or 
m«»re  visible  segments.  Legs  never  very  stout,  often  slender,  tibial 
without  spurs  (except  in  some  exotic  genera.)  Wings  usually  with 
the  veins  more  or  less  crowded  anteriorly,  often  on  the  outer  poste- 
rior part  weak  and  faint ;  third  longitudinal  vein  usually  furcate, 
terminating  before  the  tip  of  the  wing ;  f<\ur  or  five  posterior  cells, 
all  open,  the  posterior  veins  not  seldom  more  or  less  rudimentary. 

S|)ecies  from  three  or  four  to  twenty  or  more  millimeters  in  length, 
bare  or  moderate  pilose.  They  are  mostly  flower-flies,  and  are  often 
found  upon  vegetation  in  the  vicinity  of  damp  places.  Larva;  pu- 
pigerous,  that  is  the  pupie  remain  within  the  larval  skin  till  ready  to 
♦■merge  as  perfect  insects. 


1.   Abdomen  with  seven  visible  segments. 

Abdomen  witli  only  five  or  six  visible  segments. 


KUK  I 


l>  I  N  .K 

2 


18 


FaMILIBB   and   (iKNBRA   Or 


2.  Three  posterior  veiiu,  all  discal.  PACHTOABTRiNit: 

Four  poBterior  veins,  the  anterior  ones  sonnctimes  rudimentary.  8 

8.  All  the  posterior  veins  discal,  the  last  posterior  cell  contiinious  at 

its  base  with  the  discal  cell 4 

The  last  posterior  vein  arises  from  the  second  basal  cell,  the  last 
posterior  cell  not  contiguous  at  its  base  with  the  discal  cell.  5 

4.  Third  antennal  joint  with  a  long, 'delicately  fringed,  lamelliform 

style ;  usually  large,  more  or  less  elongated  species ;  males 

dichoptic.     (Hermetiinse.)    .  Hbuibtia 

Third  joint  not  with  such  a  style;  abdomen  shorty  not  more  than 

twice  as  long  as  broad.  Clitbllarim^a: 

6.  Antennae  with  a  slender  dorsal  or  terminal  bristle.       S  a  b  o  i  n  iic 
Antennae  never  with  a  slender  or  long  bristle.  Stbatiohyin/K 

BBBIDIN^e. 

Abdomen  with  seven  visible  segments  in  the  male,  in  the  female 
with  an  additional  ovipositor.  Wings  with  a  stigmatic  spot ;  all  the 
posterior  veins  arise  from  the  discal  cell.*    Abdomen  flattened. 

1.  Three  posterior  veins ;  occiput  flat 2 

Four  posterior  veins ;  scutellum  with  spines 8 

2.  Scutellum  with  spines ;  palpi  rudimentary.   .  Bbbib 
Scutellum  without  spines  (Metoponia  Lw.,  non  Macq.) 

Alloonobta 

8.  Occiput  excavated ;  hind  femora  thickened  at  the  extremity. 

'^  Neoxairbta 

Occiput  flat,  hind  femora  simple ;  last  two  abdominal  segments 

small SoouopBLTA 

Sako».£. 

Body  usually  elongate ;  rather  small,  nearly  bare  species.  Four 
posterior  veins,  the  last  one  arising  from  the  basal  cell,  Antennae 
short,  the  third  joint  rounded  or  subquadrate,  with  an  apical  or  pre- 
apical  arista.  Scutellum  without  spines  on  its  border.  [Occiput 
deeply  excavated.] 

1.    Anterior  ocellus  more  widely  separated  than  the  other  two ;  males 

holoptic  or  dichoptic 2 

Ocelli  equidistant,  more  approximate 8 


*  Variable  in  Berts. 


North  Amkhicam  Diktkha. 


19 


2.    Abdomen  contnusted  toward  the  base,  clarate,  pedicellate. 

BfACBO«ABOU8 

Abdomen  not  pedicellate  in  the  male,  in  the  female  the  second 
aegment  not  concave  on  the  side*.  SABonit 

8.  Second  antennal  joint  prolonged  on  ita  inner  side  into  a  projec- 
tion, extending  on,  and  closely  lying  upon,  the  third  joint. 

PraoTicos' 
Second  joint  not  with  such  a  projection 4 

4.  Males  dichoptic ;  eyes  bare Chrtsomotub 

Males  holoptic ;  posterior  veins  weak 5 

r».  Eyes  thickly  pilose Chlosomtia 

Byes  bare,  deep  metallic  species ;  front  very  broad  in  the  female ; 
arista  terminal ;  abdomen  short ;  eyes  of  male  with  an  area  of 
enlarged  facets  above.  ....        Microchktsa 

Stbatiomtiita. 

Rather  large  species,  the  abdomen  usually  ovate  and  more  or  less 
thickened.  Five  posterior  cells ;  often,  however,  one  or  more  of  the 
three  veins  that  arise  from  the  discal  cell  is  faint  or  rudimetary,  and 
the  cells  coalescent :  in  such  cases  the  discal  cell  will  usually  show 
angulations,  indicating  their  origin.  The  last  posterior  vein  is  nearly 
always  distinct,  and  arises  from  the  second  basal  cell.  Anterior  veins 
often  crowded  toward  the  front.  Antennn  never  with  a  long  or 
slender  bristle. 

1.  First  antennal  joint  three  or  four  times  as  long  as  the  second; 

scutellum  with  spines Stratioiitia 

First  antennal  joint  not  three  times  as  long  as  the  second.    .     2 

2.  Face  projecting  conically  downward ;  small  species.  Mtxosabous 
.    Face  not  projecting  downward  in  a  cone;  abdomen  not  elon- 
gate.   Odohtomtia 

Clitbllabina. 

Abdomen  short,  usually  but  little  longer  than  broad ;  four  poste- 
rior veins,  all  of  which  arise  from  the  discal  cell.  Small  or  mod- 
erately large  species,  nearly  bare. 

1.  Scutellum  without  spines;  face  produced  below  into  a  projecting 
cone ;  posterior  veins  of  wing  weak ;  small  species. 

Nbmotbi.us 
Scutellum  with  spines 2 


M  Familibs  ami>  Gbmkra  or 

2.  AnteniiK  ahort,  with  a  Hubtvrminal  bristle.       ,  Oxyi-bra 

AnU'nnir  morv  or  Ichh  vIonKHte,  without  hriHtIt'.     ...        8 

H.  Scutvlluin  with  two  Hpinoii  on  its  lM>rdfr 4 

Hcutcllum  with  nix  Hpiiuts.  [Compare  Suoliopclta.] 

4.  Antennte  much  elotiKBted,  tttylv  not  differentiated,   eyes  bare, 

smaller  8pecie8 BrPARiiYPiiuB 

Antenna?  less  elongate,  style  nOore  or  lesH  differentiated,  eyes 
pilose,  larger  siieeies Clitbm.aria 

l*ACHYUA8TRIN/l-:. 

Small  species,  abdomen  oval.  Three  posterior  veins,  all  arisinic 
fn>m  the  discal  cell.  Antenna;  situated  near  the  middle  of  the  face 
in  profile,  third  joint  short,  with  a  terminal  arista,  scutellum  with- 
out spines Pachyoabtbh 

Alloonosta  Osten  ISaeken,  Herl.  Ent.  Zeit.  XXVll,  297,  1888. 

Bbris  liRtreille,  Hist.  Nat.  des  Crust,  et  des  Ins.  XIV,  iiH),  1804. 

Scouopblta  Williston,  Rntom.  Amer.  I,  119,  1885- 

Sargub,  Fabricius,  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.  6(t(t,  1798. 

Mackosakoith  Bigot,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  [5]  IX,  225,  1879. 

MicRcicHRYSA  Loew,  Verb.  Zool.-Hot.  Ver.,  1866. 

PTKrTiccs  r^H'W,  Verb.  Zool.-Kot.  Ver.,  1856. 

Chrysonotus  Loew,  Verb.  Zool.-Bot.  Ver.,  1866. 

Hbrhbtia  I^treille,  Hist.  Nat.  des  Crust,  etc.  XIV,  888,  I8(»4. 

Odontomvia  Meigen,  Klassifie.  etc.  I,  128,  1894. 

MTxoSAR4ii7s  Brauer,  Denkschr.  d.  k.  k.  Akad.  d.  Wiss.  1882,  21. 

Stratiumyia  Geoffroy,  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  II,  476,  17<)4. 

OxYOBRA  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magazine,  II,  206,  1803. 

EiiPARYPHrs  Gerstjecker,  Linn.  Entoni.  XI,  1867. 

Clitbllabia  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  2H6,  1808. 

Nbmotblus  Geoffroy,  Hist.  Nat.  Ins.  II,  642,  17(t4. 

FACHYfiASTER  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  2f)0,  1802). 


r  A  N  Y  S  T  <)  MA. 

Tarsi  with  three  membranous  pads  at  the  tip  (the  empodia  devel- 
oped pulvilliforni);  body  and  legs  wholly  without  macrochjeta? ; 
males  holoptie,  eyes  rarely  narrowly  separated;  two  sub-marginal, 
Ave  posterior  cells  in  the  wing,*  fifth  posterior' cell  not  contiguous 


*  The  genus  Agnotomyia  with  four   posterior  cells,  is  the  only 
•xoeption. 


North  Amkhican  Diptkha. 


tl 


at  its  Immv  with  the  diacal  cell ;  the  marginal  vein  ent*umpaM««  the 
whole  wing;  ■ome  or  all  the  tibiie  with  spurs. 

'rhini  joint  of  the  antennc  annulate,  never  with  differentiated 
style  or  bristle ;  tcgulse  rather  large.    .  TABANiojt 

Third  joint  of  antcnnn  simple,  with  a  simple,  or  thickened  styli> 
form,  bristle;  tegulae  rudimentary.  Lbptidji 


TABANIDiH. 

Species  never  very  small,  often  among  the  largest  in  the  order; 
never  thickly  pilose ;  in  life  the  eyes  usually  brilliantly  colored  and 
marked.  Head  short,  broad,  eyes  large.  Antennae  porrect,  the 
third  joint  ^composed  of  from  three  to  eight  annuli  or  segments. 
Thorax  not  very  convex,  scutellum  without  spines  on  its  border. 
Abdomen  broad,  moderately  elongate  or  short,  never  slender  or  con- 
stricted. Legs  moderately  stout,  the  front  and  middle  tibiae  some- 
times  dilated,  the  middle  tibiae  always  with  spurs.  Veins  of  the 
wings  distinct;  first  posterior  cell  (and  fourth  in  exotic  species) 
rarely  closed. 

Karly  stages  passed  in  the  water  or  earth ;  larvae  carnivorous,  with 
H  distinct  head  ;  pupae  free.  The  females  are  blood-sucking,  usually 
foun<i  in  the  neighborhood  of  pastures,  in  sunny  open  parts  of  woods, 
during  the  hot  sun-shiny  days  of  summer.  The  males  are  much 
more  rarely  met  with,  and  will  be  found  usually  in  sweepings  of 
meadow  lands,  on  flowers,  etc. 

1.  Hind   tibise  with  spurs  at  their  tips,  sometimes  small.     (Pan- 

gonina;.) 2 

Hind  tibiie  without  spurs  ;  ocelli  absent.     (Tabaninae.)       .    5 

2.  Third  joint  of  the  antennae  composed  of  eight  annuli,  the  flrst  of 

which  is  only  a  little  longer  than  the  following  ones.  3 

Third  joint  composed  of  five  or  fewer  segments,  the  first  of  which 

is  much  longer  than  the  following ;  ocelli  present.  4 

8.   Front  of  female  narrow,  without  denuded  callus ;  ocelli  rarely 

absent. Panoonia 

Front  of  female  broad,  with  a  large,  broad,  denuded  callus;  ocelli 
present Apatolbbtbs 

4.  Second  joint  of  the  antennae  about  half  as  long  as  the  first ;  wings 
hyaline  or  with  small  spots ;  eyes  in  life  with  numerous  small 

dots SlLTIUB 


It  Familik*  anii  (Iknrra  or 

Second  joint  M  long,  or  but  little  shorter  th«n  iheflmt;  wing* 
with  a  dark  picture ;  eye*  in  life  with  fewer,  larger  spoti. 

CHHYSOrH 

6.  Front  of  the  female  an  broad  as  long;  callus  transverse;   frtinl 

tibis  a  little  dilated ;  base  of  third  antennal  Joint  not  dilateil. 

HiVMATOPOTA 

Front  of  female  narrow.  0 

H.  Front  tibin  very  much  dilated ;  thirtl  antennal  joint  nut  strungl.v 

angulated  above °Lkpiim>hblaoa 

Front  tibisB  moderately  dilated ;  face  short.                Diaohlobuh 
Front  tibisB  not  dilated 7 

7.  A  small  ocelligerous  tubercle  present  in  the  female ;  eyes  pubcH- 

cent,  more  distinctly  in  the  male.  'I^bkioplbotbh 

Ocelligerous  tubercle  absent;  eyes  pubescent.  Attlotub 

Ucelligerous  tubercle  absent ;  eyes  bare.     .  Tabanus 

I'AHOONiA  I.Atrelle,  Hist.  Nat.  des  Crust,  et  des.  Ins.  Ill,  487,   1802. 

Apatolbstbs  Williston,  Entom.  Amer.  I,  12,  1885, 

SiLViUH  Meigen,  System.  Beschr.  II,  21,  1820. 

riiRYSOPS  Meigen,  in  Uliger's  Magax.,  1803. 

HiKMATOPOTA  Meigen;  in  Uliger's  Magaz.  1803. 

DiA0HU)BU8  Osten  Sacken,  Prodr.  etc.,  II,  476,  187H. 

'riiBRioPLBOTBS  Zcller,  Isis,  1842. 

Tabanus  Lmne,  Fauna  Suecica,  1761. 

Attlotds  Osten  Sacken,  Prodr.  etc.  426,  1876. 


LEPTIDiE. 

Rather  small  to  rather  large  species;  thinly  pilose,  with  short 
thorax,  elongate  abdomen  and  large  wings.  Head  short,  eyes  of 
male  contiguous  or  approximate ;  ocelli  present.  Antennae  mostly 
short,  never  elongate,  the  third  joint  with  n  terminal  or  dorsal  bris- 
tle, or  terminal  slender  style.  Face  small,  excavated.  I^roboscis 
short ;  palpi  slender,  porrect,  often  bushy  pilose.  Abdomen  elon- 
gate, broadest  toward  the  base,  composed  of  seven  segments ;  the 
female  ovipositor  pointed.  Legs  slender,  the  liind  pair  somewhat 
elongate ;  some  or  all  the  tibiae  spurred.  Posterior  cells  of  wings 
usually  all  open. 

Larvae  carnivorous,  living  in  earth,  decaying  wood,  dry  sand,  in 
moss  or  in  water.    The  flies  are  usually  found  about  meadow  and 


NoHTH  Ammican  Diptbra. 


88 


low  woodlands,  <tn  biuhoi,  etc.,  and  pr«jr  upon  other  ineacte.  Some 
weetern  ipevlMi  of  H/mphoroni  yia  tuck  blood,  aa  do  the  hone- 
flics. 

1.  Front  tibia;  wirli  terminal  spttri 2 

Front  tibin  withuni  apura. 8 

2.  Front  tibiv  with  two  spon ;  Ave  poetorior  celii  in  the  wing. 

YRlPTOTmiOHA 

Front  tibi»  with  one  spur ;  four  posterior  cells  in  the  wing. 

AoKOToirriA 

8.  Third  Joint  of  antennip  round,  oral,  or  pear-shaped,  its  bristli> 

distinctly  terminal 4 

Third  joint  kidney-shaped,  the  arista  more  dorsal,   .  .6 

4.  Anal  cell  open ;  hind  tibin  with  two  spurs.                          Lbptih 
Anal  cell  closed. 6 

6.  Third  joint  of  antenna  with  a  slender  arcuate  bristle ;  hind  tibite 

with  one  spur CHmrsoFiLA 

Third  joint  with  a  shorter,  slender  style.  Spaxia,  Ptiolina 

A.  Hind  tibie  with  two  spurs ;  anal  cell  closed.  Athbrix 

Hind  tibisB  with  one  spur ;  anal  cell  open.  Stmphoboii tia 

Arthkopbab  Lobw,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.  1860. 

Arthrocbrab  Williston,  Entom.  Amer.  II,  107,  1886. 

Olutops  Burgess,  Proc.  Boston  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.  1878,  'SSO. 

Triptotrioha  Loew,  Centur,  X.  16, 1874. 

Aohotomyia  Williston,  Entom.  Amer.  11,  106,  1886. 

Chrtbopila  Macquart,  Dipt,  du  nord  de  la  France,  1827. 

Lbptib  Fabricius,  Syst.  Antl.  60,  1806. 

Spamia  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  VI,  336,  1830. 

Ptiolina  Zetterstedt,  Dipt.  Scand.  I,  220, 1848. 

Athbrix  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  271, 1808. 

Stmphoromtia  Frauenfeld,  Verb.  Zool.  Bot.  Ctesellsch.  401, 1867. 


ASILIDJB. 

Species  of  moderate  to  large  size ;  briHtly ;  predaceous.  Head 
flattened,  the  eyes  prominent.  Front  concave  between  the  eyes,  the 
eyes  not  contiguous  in  either  sex.  Ocelli  present.  Antennae  porrect, 
with  or  without  a  terminal  bristle  or  style ;  when  with  a  terminal 
style,  the  antenna  apparently  four  or  Ave- jointed.     Proboscis  pro- 


24 


Pamilih  and  Gritbra  op 


jecting,  never  elongate,  without  tenninal  fleshy  labella,  adapted  for 
piercing.  Abdomen  with  eight  segments,  the  liypopygium  or  ovi- 
duct usually  prominent.  Legs  strong,  moderately  long;  empodia 
bristly,  not  pulvilliform,  the  pulvilli  sometimes  rudimentary.  Basal 
cells  of  the  wing  long;  five  posterior  cells,  two  or  three  subniarginal 
cells ;  anal  cell  open  or  closed  in  the  margin. 

The  flies  are  usually  observed  in  sunny  open  paths,  or  upon  leaves 
of  underbrush,  on  the  alert  for  other  insects,  which  they  seize  upon 
the  wing  and  pierce  with  their  stout  proboscis. 

1.  Marginal  cell  of  the  wing  open.     (Dasypogoninae.)  2 
Marginal  cell  closed. 38 

2.  Front  tibiae  with  a  terminal  claw-like  spur.          .        .        .28 
Front  tibiie  without  terminal  claw-like  spur 8 

8.  Pulvilli  rudimentary  or  wanting 4 

Pulvilli  normal. 5 

4.  Face  very  narrow ;  abdomen  very  long,  slender,  narrow  on  prox- 

imal part;  hind  legs  elongate,  slender.        .        Leptooastek 

Face  moderately  narrow ;  abdomen  not  unusually  long,  broader 

at  base ;  hind  legs  not  elongate.   .  Ablaittatdh 

5.  Head  narrow,  about  as  high  as  broad;  face  narrow  above,  broader 

and  swollen  below,  in  large  part  covered  with  hair.     Large, 

elongate  species. 6 

Head  very  obviously  broader  than  high.  .        .         .        .     8 

H.  Antenna*  with  a  terminal  style 7 

Third  joint  of  antennte  very  long,  without  .style ;  fourth  jtosterior 
cell  closed  before  the  border  of  the  wiiifjf.  Klack  speiies  witii 
or  without  red  on  the  abdomen.  OsntiocKiti  s 

7.  First  posterior  cell  ojHJn,   not  closed  before  the  bonier  of  the 

wing. Stenoi'ogon 

First  and  fourth  posterior  cells  closed  before  the  liorder  of  Mu- 
wing;  third  joint  of  antenna;  shorter,  style  longer. 

SCLEB<»1'0(10N 

H.   Fourth  posterior  cell  closed  before  the  border.    ...  9 

Fourth  posterior  cell  wide  open,  rarely  nearly  closed.  IM 

9.   Antennae  elongate,  of  five  joints  (My  e  lap  bus).  14 

Antennae  not  elongate,  of  three  joints,  and  a  terminal  style.  10 

10.  Face  bare,  except  on  oral  margin  ;  abdomen  elongate,  cylindro- 
idal ;  anterior  intercalary  vein  continuous,  or  nearly  so,  with 


NOKTH   AmkBICAN    DlPTBRA. 


26 


the  fourth  vein,  the  last  section  of  fourth  rein  oblique,  sin- 
uous, closing  or  much  narrowing  the  broad  first  posterior  cell. 
Large,  or  very  large  species.                                MiOROSTYLim 
Face  pilose  or  hairy,  more  convex 11 

11.  Abdomen  cylindrical,  not  narrow  at  the  tip,  elongate;  near  the 

base  of  second  and  third  segments  with  white  pollinose  emar- 
ginate  cross-bands ;  wings  dark.                                   Dizoniab 
Abdomen  less  elongate,  with  five  or  six  white  pollinose  cross- 
bands 12 

12.  First  posterior  cell  open,  scarcely  narrowed,  face  broad. 

Laphtstia 
First  posterior  cell  much  narrowed  or  closed.    .  Triolib 

18.  Antennaeelongate,  composed  of  Ave  joints;  nearly  bare  species.  14 

Antennae  less  elongate  or  short,  of  three  joints,  with  or  without 

a  short  or  slender  style 16 

14.  First  and  second  joints  of  antennas  of  nearly  equal  length,  third 
elongate,  fourth  short,  fifth  elongate  and  densely  pubescent ; 
third  and  fourth  not  lobed  at  tip     .      .  Ceraturous 

First  joint  about  three  times  as  long  as  the  second,  third  elon- 
gate, fourth  and  fifth  of  nearly  equal  length ,  third  and  fourth 
at  the  tip  with  two  lobes  or  processes,  reaching  to  about  the 
middle  of  the  following  joint.  Mtblaphds 

16.  Style  of  antennae  short,  thick,  obtuse,  not  easily  distinguishable 
from  the  third  joint,  or,  if  so,  forming  apparent  joints ;  anten- 

^  nae  more  or  less  elongate. 16 

Terminal  style  small,  more  slender  than  the  joint,  apparent; 
antennae  shorter 18 

16.  Nearly  bare  species;  face  flattened,  bare  except  below.     Small, 

or  rather  small,  species,  shining  or  metallic  black,  with  nar- 
row or  cylindrical  abdomen  and  large  wings.  17 
Thickly  pilose  species,  the  bristles  few  and  hair-like ;  antennae 
situated  upon  a  convexity,  thence  receding  to  the  facial  tuber- 
cle, which  is  situated  upon  the  lower  part  of  the  face ;  abdo- 
men short ;  head  narrow Dioolondb 

17.  All  the  tibiae  and  the  hind  femora  with  short,  strong  setae. 

ECTHODOPA 

Hind  femora  without  such  setae Dioctria 


20 


Familieh  ani>  Gbnkra  ok 


18.  Face  (Hstinctly  convex  in  profile,  swollen  or  gibbose.*  tP 

Face  flattened  ur  gently  convex 20 

10.  'lliickly  pilose  species ;  tlie  gibbosity  of  the  face  reaches  to  the 

base  of  the  antcnnne ;  anal  cell  usually  open.*     Cyrtopooon 

Thinly  pilose,  more  pollinose  species,  the  convexity  of  the  face 

on  the  lower  part,  anal  cell  usually  closed.  Daclopooon 

20.  Abdomen  elongate ;  front  broad  anteriorly,  narrow  behind. 

Plebiomma 
Front  not  narrowed  behind 21 

21.  Hind  tibise  toward  the  tip,  and  their  metatarsi,  much  thickened.  22 
Hind  tibiae  not,  or  but  slightly,  thickened  toward  the  tip ;  meta- 
tarsi not  thickened. 28 

22.  Head  much  broader  than  high,  transverse,  "goggle"-like ;  abdo- 

men short,  wings  large Holcocbpiiala 

Head  only  moderately  broader  than  high,  not  at  all  spectacle- 
like in  appearance Holopooon 

Abdomen  with  thick  recumbent  pile  above ;  thickly  pilose  spe- 
cies; antennae  slender Ptcnopooon 

Abdomen  without  such  pile  above. 24 

Slender,  nearly  bare  species ;  face  perpendicular,  straight  or  gen- 
tly concave,  narrowed  above,  bare,  except  on  oral  margin.  25 

Face  gently  rounded,  not  prominent  below,  in  large  part  hairy, 
not  or  but  slightly  narrowed  above 20 

26.  Thickly  whitish  pollinose;  abdomen  flattenitd,  usually  reflected 
upward,  third  joint  of  antennae  and  style  both  slender. 

Stichopooon 

Less  thickly  pollinose;  abdomen  cylindrical,  a  little  broader  at 

base ;  third  joint  of  antennae  short,  broad,  style  minute.     See 

Habropogon  bilineatus  Will. 

Large,  elongate  species,  style  of  antennae  short  Callinious 

Moderately  large,  not  much  elongate 27 

Abdomen  broader  at  the  base,  depressed ;  thorax  much  convex 
above,  antennae  slender,  style  long  and  slender  (compare  spe- 
cies of  Cyrtopogon).  ....        Anibopooon 


23 


24 


26 


27 


*  Several  species  are  placed  proTisionally  under  Cyrtopogon  in  which 

the  facial  gibboaity  is  small,  aud  the  body  thinly  pilose.    They  may  be  dls- 

tinguislied  by  the  abdomen  not  being  broad,  and  having  white  pollinose 

cross-bands;  in  some  the  wings  have  small  but  distiuot  clouds  on  the  ci-oss- 
reins. 


North  American  Diptkra. 


27 


Abdomen  short,  cylindrical.  Black,  with  bright  golden  opaque 
pollinose  markings  on  thorax  and  abdomen.  See  "Lapar- 
us"  pictitarsis  Bigot. 

2H.  I^arge  species ;  face  bare  with  bristles  on  the  oral  margin,  in 

profile  straight  or  concave,  the  oral  margin  projecting.        29 

Smaller  species,  face  convex  on  lower  portion,  not  projecting.  30 

21).  Elongate;  fourth  posterior  cell  closed,  usually  a  considerable 

distance  before  the  margin Dbromyia 

Less  elongate ;  fourth  cell  open  or  closed  in  the  margin,  rarely 
a  little  petiolate Saropooon 

'Hi    Head  broad  and  flat,  face  not  gibbose,  third  joint  of  antenna? 

slender,  elongate 31 

Head  only  moderately  broader  than  high ;  face  gibbose  below ; 
third  joint  of  antennae  more  or  less  dilated,  style  very  short ; 
thorax  and  legs  with  numerous  bristles ;  abdomen  broadest  at 
the  base,  rather  slender,  subcylindrical    .        .        Lbstomtia 

:n.  Abdomen  finely  punctulate,  of  nearly  equal  width ;  hind  tibiae  at 
the  tip  and  their  tarsi  only  a  little  thickened ;  wings  hyaline. 

Taracticds 
Abdomen  smooth ;  hind  tibiae  at  the  tip  and  their  tarsi  thick- 
ened (compare  here  Nicocles?   scitula);  antcnnal  style 
slender,  acuminate ;  wings  variegated 32 

H2.  Abdomen  flattened ;  in  the  female  a  little  broader  beyond  the 

middle ;  in  the  male  near  the  tip,  the  last  two  segments  of 

which  conspicuously  silvery  above.    .  Nicoclbb 

Abdomen  of  nearly  equal  width  throughout,  the  last  segment  in 

the  nuile  not  silvery,  fourth  posterior  cell  narrowed. 

Blaoodbs 


H8.  Antennae  without  a  terminal  bristle  (Laphrinae).   .  34 

Antennae  with  a  terminal  bristle  (Asilinae).  .    41 

34.  The  veins  at  the  distal  ends  of  the  discal  and  fourth  posterior 

cells  in  the  same  straight  line,  continuous,  or  nearly  so.        36 

The  veins,  etc.,  not  in  the  same  straight  line,  the  vein  closing 

the  fourth  posterior  cell  more  or  less  remote  and  oblique.    36 

35.  First  joint  of  antenna  elongate,  slender;  second  posterior  cell 

narrowed  toward  the  margin  of  the  wing.  Cbrotainia 

First  joint  of  the  antennge  much  shorter  than  the  third;  first 
*    posterior  cell  narrowed  or  closed,  the  second  wide  open. 

Atomosia 


n  Familiiw  ani>  Grhbra  op 

96.  First  posterior  ceil  luurowed  or  ciosed 37 

First  posterior  cell  wide  open 30 

37.  Three  submarf^nal  cells,  i.  e.  tlie  upper  branch  of  the  third  vein 

is  connected  with  the  second  by  •  short  vein.       PoooNOflOMA 
Two  submarginal  cells 38 

38.  Hind  femora  of  nearly  equal  thickness  throughout;  antennw 

with  a  distinct  terminal  ftyle ;  very  large,  robust,  thickly  pi- 
lose species HypbKbohia 

Hind  femora  thickened  toward  the  end ;  antennae  without  termi- 
nal style ;  more  elongate,  less  pilose  species.     Andrrvosoma 

39.  Thorax  and  abdomen  nearly  or  quite  bare ;  hind  femora  with 

spinous  tubercles  below Lampria 

Thorax  and  abdomen  pilose,  larger  species.      ...        40 

40.  Densely  pilose  species;  the  abdomen  short,  broad,  usually  broader 

beyond  the  middle,  in  the  male  sometimes  more  elongate; 

proboscis  thick. Dastllis 

Less  pilose,  more  elongate  species ;  proboscis  more  elongate  and 
slender Laphria 

41.  Bristle  of  antenne  plumose Omhatius 

Bristle  not  plumose 42 

42.  The  third  vein  (posterior  branch)  curved  forwards  to  meet  the 

costa ;  two  submarginal  cells,  rarely  three.   ...        43 

The  third  vein  curved  backward  to  meet  the  margin  of  the  wing 

at  or  beyond  the  tip 44 

43.  Oviduct  cylindrical,  with  a  terminal  circlet  of  spines. 

Prootacanthub 
Oviduct  laterally  flattened,  without  circlet  or  spines.      .    Erax 

44.  Two  submarginal  cells.*    (Asilus  sens,  lat.)  .46 
Three  submarginal  cells 46 

46.  Abdomen  shorter  than  the  wings ;  body  thickly  pilose,  claws 

obtuse Mallophora 

Abdomen  longer  than  the  wings;  body  thinly  pilose.    Prohachus 

4A.  Oviduct  (  9  )  laterally  compressed 47 

Oviduct  not  laterally  compressed,  conical 62 

*  The  remainder  of  this  table  Is  a  translatkm  flrem  Loew,  Diptf.  8nd. 
AIHkas,p.  MS. 


NOMTH    AmKRICAM    1)ll>TK1iA. 


» 


17.  Face  without  gibboaity 48 

Face  with  gibbosity ;  if  reatrtctetl  to  the  lower  part,  aad  hence 
not  conspicuous,  face  neither  carinate  nor  unusually  nar- 
rowed         .       .       ,       ^        tt 

4H.  Face  narrow  throughout,  not  at  all  carinate,  the  mystax  coni> 

posed  of  few  long  hairs °  Stbhopbosofis 

Face  of  unusual  width,  obtusely  carinate;  mystax  composed  of 
numerous  hairs  and  bristles.    ......        40 

49.  The  closed  fourth  posterior  cell  much  widened  at  the  expense  of 

the  discal  cell  which  is  narrowed  in  its  middle.       ^  Stnolcub 

Foui  th  posterior  cell  not  unusually  broader  towards  its  base.  60 

HO.  Mystax  moderately  thick,  bristly,  not  wall-like.      ^  Dtsclttus 
Mystax  flne-haired,  lung  and  thick,  wall-like.    ...        61 

At.  Second  posterior  cell  widened  near  the  base  in  front  at  the  ex- 
pense of  the  first  posterior  cell.  ^LOPMONOTUS 
Second  posterior  cell  not  widened  in  front  at  the  base. 

^TRICHOlfOTUH 

*ii.  Dorsum  of  thorax  with  bristles  reaching  to  the  front  part,  or  at 

least  thickly  hairy  along  the  middle 58 

Vestiture  of  the  front  half  of  the  thorax  short.    .  .66 

^.  Facial  gibbosity  slight,  reaching  nearly  to  the  antennae. 

o  Dasophrts 

Facial  gibbosity  very  distinctly  prominent,  reaching  much  less 

high 64 

o4.  Third  joint  of  the  antennae  slender,  linear.  ^  Protophanbs 

Third  joint  of  the  usual  elongate  elliptical  shape.    °  Dtsmachos 

oo.  End  lamellae  of  the  oviduct  (  9 )  egg-shaped  and  wedged  in. 

EOTOLMUa 

End  lamellae  wholly  free,  nearly  style-like.        ...        66 

66.  Posterior  border  of  the  last  ventral  segment  in  the  male  more  or 

less  widened Maciiimus 

Posterior  border  not  widened  {$) 67 

o7.  Legs  prevailing  shining  yellow.  Nbomochtrbrub 

Legs  prevailing  black,  or  light  and  opaque  colored.  58 

>'»8.  Abdomen  shining  black  above  and  below.        .    Stilpnooastbr 

Abdomen  not  shining  on  both  sides.  .        .    '   .        .69 

59.  General  color  yellowish-gray  or  ash-gray,  the  legs  with  reddish 

yellow  stripes  or  bands ;  opaque.  °  Epitriptur 


Ht) 


Kamilib*  AMI)  Gbnkka  or 


General  color  more  or  Ww  black-gray,  the  legs  prevailing  black, 
the  tibiae  often  red fiO 

(Ml.  The  male  genitalia  very  thickly  club-like,  or  at  least  the  sixth 
and  seventh  abdominal  segments  help  form  the  female  ovi- 
duct.   Neoitamub 

Male  genitalia  not  clu)>-like,  the  sixth  and  seventh  segments 
take  no  part  in  the  formation  of  the  oviduct.        .  61 

HI.  Male  genitalia,  when  seen  from  above,  more  or  less  acute  on  the 
end ;  facial  gibbosity  ratlier  large.  ' .  Tolmebuk. 

Male  genitalia,  when  seen  from  above,  more  or  less  obtuse ;  fa- 
cial gibbosity  very  small.  ....<>  Cbrdistub 

62.  Abdomen  without  bristles  before  the  incisures.  .        .        68 

Abdomen  with  bristles  before  the  incisures.  .68 

68.  Facial  gibbosity  extraordinarily  large,  the  extremely  sharp  tip 

of  the  proboscis  bent  somewhat  upwards.         °  Proaoonistbs 

Facial  gibbosity  of  usual  size,  the  proboscis  wholly  straight,  and 

not  sharper  than  usual .        .64 

64.  Mystax  bristly  as  usual 65 

Mystax  fine-haired,  depressed.       .        .        .      o  Antiphrisbon 

65.  Abdomen  flne-haired,  depressed 66 

Abdomen  with  rather  long,  scattered  vestiture.      ^  Pami'Onbrub 

66.  Bright  colored,  large  species 67 

Small,  ash-gray  species ^  Rhauiurgub 

67.  Feet  of  usual  length  and  structure Abildb 

Feet  unusually  elongated ^  Eocoptopub 

68.  First  joint  of  the  four  anterior  tarsi  remarkably  short. 

<*  ECHTHIBTDB 

First  joint,  etc.,  not  remarkably  shortened.        ...        60 

69.  Oviduct  (  9 )  club-shaped,  thickly  pilose  below.      °  Antipalus 
Oviduct  conical,  beset  with  short  spines  at  the  end.     Philodiodo 

Lbptooastbr  Meigen,  lUiger's  Magaz.  1808. 
Cbraturous  Wiedemann,  Analecta,  12,  1824. 
DiocTRiA  Meigen,  lUiger's  Magaz.  1803. 
EcuTHODOPA  Loew,  Centur.  VII,  27,  1866. 
Plbsiomma  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.  I,  2,  54,  1838. 
MiCROSTYLUH  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.  I,  2,  26,  1838. 
OspRiooBRUS  Loew,  Centur.  VII,  51, 1866. 
Ablactatub  Loew,  Berl.  Ent.  Z.  1874,  877. 


North  Amkhican  Diptkba. 


81 


STBNoroooN  Loew,  Linn.  Entom.  II,  468,  1847. 

ScLEROPOOOM  Loew,  Ccntur.  VII,  45,  1886. 

Sphaorus  Loew,  Centur.  VII,  65,  1860. 

DicoLONDB  Loew,  Centur.  VII,  56,  1866. 

Archilbstrib  Loew,  Berl.  Ent.  Z.  1874,  377;  A rchi lestes  Schiner, 

Verb.  Z.  B.  Ges.  1866,  672. 
DizONiAS  Loew,  Ccntur.  VII,  63,  1866.  ^ 

Callinicus  lioew,  Centur.  X,  32,  1872. 

Anisopooon Ix>ew,  Berl.  Ent. Z.  1874,  377;  (Heteropogon  lA>ew). 
Cyrtopogon  I-oew,  Linn.  Ent.  II,  516,  1847. 
Ptcnopooon  Loew,  Linn.  Ent.  II,  626,  1847. 
HoLOPOooN  Loew,  Linn,  Ent.  II,  473,  1847. 

Daulopooon  Loew,  Berl.  Ent.  Z.  1874,  377;  (Lasiopogon  Tioew). 
PsiLOCiTRUs  Loew,  Berl.  Ent.  Z.  1874,  373. 
Stichopooon  Loew,  Linn.  Ent.  II,  500,  1847. 
HoLCOCGPHALA  Jaenuicke,  NeueExot.  Dipt.  51,  1867. 
NicocLB»  Jaennicke,  Neue  Exot.  Dipt.  47,  1867. 
Lbstomtia  Williston,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.  XL,  19,  1883;  Cla- 

V  a  t  o  r  Oaten  Sacken. 
Blacodes  Loew,  Berl.  Ent.  Z.  1874,  377. 
Taracticub  Loew,  Centur.  Vol.  II,  240,  1872. 
Dbromyia  Philippi,  Verb.  Z.  B.  Ges.  1866  (Diogmitea  Loew). 
Sarapooon  Loew,  Linn.  Ent.  II,  439,  1847. 
Lastaurub  Loew,  Bern,  ueber  d.  Fam.  d.  Aailiden,  17, 1861. 

Atomosia  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.  I,  2,  73,  1838. 
Cerotainia  Schiner,  Verb.  Zool.  Bot.  Ges.  1866,  673. 
Dasyllis  Loew,  Bern,  ueber  die  Fam.  der  Aailiden,  20,  1861. 
Htperechia  Scbiner,  Verb.  Zool.  Bot.  Geaellacb.  XVI,  673,  1866. 
PoooNOSOHA  Rondani,  Dipt.  It.  Prodr.  I,  160,  1866. 
Laphria  Meigen,  in  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  1803. 
Lampria  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.  I,  2,  60,  1838. 
Lafhtbtia  Loew,  Linn,  Ent.  II,  638,  1847. 
Andrbnosoma  Rondani,  Dipt.  It.  Prodr.  1, 160,  1866. 

Mai:.i:x>phora  Macquart,  Hiat.  Nat.  Dipt,  I,  300,  1834. 
Promachub  Loew,  Linn.  Ent.  Ill,  390,  1848. 
Erax  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.  I,  2,  107,  1838. 
Proctacanthub  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.  I,  2, 120,  1838. 
Asilub  Linne,  Fauna  Suecica,  1761. 


81  Familibh  ani>  Gkrbiia  or 

PHilx>Nioufl  Jjoew,  Linn.  Rnt.  IV,  144,  1849. 
LoPHONOTOs  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.  I,  2,  126,  1888. 
Nbomoohthbbus Oaten Saclien,  Cat.  Dipt,  for  Mochtherua  Imcw, 

Linn.  Ent.  IV,  68,  1840. 
Nboitamub  Oaten  Sacken,  Cat.  Dipt,  for  Itamua  Ixiew,  Linn.  Rnt. 

IV,  84,  1849. 
Machimdb  I..OCW,  I  <nn.  Ent.  IV,  1, 1849. 
8TILPNOGA8TBK  Loew,  Linn.  Ent.  IV,  94,  1849. 
ToLMBitua  Loew,  Linn.  Ent.  IV,  04,  1849. 
Ommatiuh  Wiedemann,  Dipt.  Exot.  I,  218,  1821. 


APlOCERIDJil.      • 

Moderate  to  rattier  large,  elongate,  bristly,  thinly  pilose,  predae- 
eoua  fliea.  Head  somewhat  flattened,  narrower  than  the  thorax; 
front  not  excavated  between  the  eyes,  the  eyes  not  contiguous  in 
the  male.  Ocelli  present.  Antennae  porrect,  not  abort,  the  third 
joint  with  a  short  terminal  style.  Face  very  short.  Proboscis  por- 
rect, moderately  elongate,  with  flattened,  more  or  less  fleshy  labella. 
Abdomen  elongate ;  hypopygium  disengaged;  more  or  less  enlarged ; 
oviduct  with  a  terminal  circlet  of  spines.  I^egs  bristly ;  empodia 
not  pulvilliform.  Basal  cells  of  wings  elongate ;  third  longitudinal 
vein  furcate  or  simple  (genus  novum,  Australia);  five  poaterior  cella; 
the  third  and  fourth  longitudinal  veins  both  curve  forward  to  ter- 
minate before  the  tip  of  the  wing Apiockba 


Apiocbra   Weatwood,  London  and  Edinburgh  Phil.  Magaz. 
Pomacera  Macquart;  Anypenua  Philippi. 


1886: 


NEMISTRINID^ 

Species  of  moderate  size,  thinly  or  thickly  pilose.  Neuration 
complicated ;  the  basal  cells  elongate.  Antennae  small,  abort ;  third 
joint  simple,  with  a  terminal,  slender,  jointed  style.  Ovipositor  of 
the  female  elongate,  often  slender.  Tibiae  without  apura ;  empodia 
developed  pulvilliform,  but,  with  the  pulvilli,  often  minute. 

But  four  species  of  this  small  family  are  known  from  the  United 
States,  and  they  will  be  readily  recognized  by  the  accompanying 
cut  of  the  wing  of  Rhynchocephalus  volaticus  Will.  The 
habits  of  the  larvsp  of  this  family  are  known  in  but  one  apeciea. 


NoMTH  Amkhk-an  Diptrra.  88 

H  i  r  III  o  II  i>  11 1-  H  o  b M  e  u  r  M  nf  Kuropi>,  wlu>n>  they  an-  pHrHsitic  u|niii 
lieetlpH. 


Wiog  of  Rhynohocephalaa   Tolatioiia  Will.—*,  MCODd  subiiuir* 
glnal,  b,  o,  d,  e,  f,  lint— fltth  posterior  cells. 

Proboscis  short,  itrotriiding  but  little  from  the  oral  opening.  Kyes 
bare  (often  pilose  in  exotic  species).  Two  or  three  submar- 
ginal  cells Hibmonkcra 

Proboscis  long,  directed  backwards.  Antenna;  broadly  separated. 
Eyes  bare.  Ovipositor  of  the  female  composed  of  two  slender 
diverging  lamella'.     Three  submarginal  cells. 

Rhynchocephalith 

HiRMONBURA  Mcigen,  Hyst.  Beschr.  II,  132,  1820. 
Khtmohocephalus  Fischer,  Mem  de  la  Soc.  imp.  d.  natur.  de  Mos- 
cou,  I,  217,  1806. 


MIDASID^:. 

Rather  larger  to  very  large,  thinly  clothed  or  bare,  elongate  flies. 
Neuration  complicated ;  the  basal  cells  long ;  the  fourth  longitudi- 
nal vein  always  terminating  at  or  before  the  tip  of  the  wing.  An- 
tennae elongate,  the  third  joint  flattened,  and  composed  of  several 
distinct  segments.  Ocelli  wanting.  I^oboscis  with  fleshy  labella. 
Empodia  very  little  developed,  not  pulvilliform. 

Larvae  found  in  decaying  wood,  etc. ,  probably  carnivorous. 

1.  Terminal  segment  of  the  female  abdomen  with    a  circlet  of 

spines. 2 

Terminal  segment  without  circlet  of  spines.     .         ...    Midas 

2.  A  small  cross- vein  runs  into  the  hind  margin  of  the  wing  between 

the  anal  cell  and  the  tip ;  hind  tibiae  of  female  with  spurs. 

EcTYPHOB 

No  such  small  cross- vein  ;  hind  tibia;  (  9 )  without  spurs. 

Leptomidab 


ai 


KaI1II.IK»    ANU  (fKNKIIA   UK 


"Gcncriit  F<(*  typhi  proxinium,  tiiffert :  aiiteiiiiiH  i-Umgatia,  mi*|c- 
iiii'iito  pcnultimtt  cylindrico,  ultimo,  g,  circit(>r  Uuplo  Inn^fiun-,* 
rompn-BW),  IwHi  |Mrum  dilHtato,  Apiuc  nhtiiM*  HtMiminate  9  •  <liiplo 
lirvvittri',  obtusion*,  abdominiH  Hvymento  ultimo  incrmi,  cyathifonni, 
utrinque,  parum  dilatato.  (Long.  20iiiiii.  uiitiique  ni({cT,  alxlomim* 
nitenti',  alin  violavvo  micantihuH,  cxtroino  apit-c  alliiiliH. — P.  phyl- 
loceruH,  Rocky  Mtf«.) Phyu/>mii»as." 

Mii>A8  FabrieiuH,  Kiitom.  SyHt.  IV,  252,  17<M. 
liRPTOMiUAS  GerHta>(;k(>r,  Stvtt.  Knt.  Z.  18KH,  HI . 
KcTYPHUB  Gerstfleckvr,  Stftt.  Knt.  Z.  1W8,  02. 
PiiYLi.oMiDAH  Biirot,  Bullet.  S<te.  Knt.  Fr.  1870.  H2. 


I 


BOMBYLIDyK.* 

Mfdium  to  Hmall-Hizvd  ftivn ;  often  with  abundant,  long,  delicate 
pile.  Antennte  usually  Hhoi-t,  composed  of  three  joints,  the  thirF. 
simple,  with  or  without  a  terminal  style.  Ocelli  present;  eyes  in 
the  male  separated  or  contiguous.  Proboscis  usually  projecting 
from  the  oral  cavity  and  slender ;  sometimes  short,  with  broad  Id- 
beila.  Legs  moderately  long,  weak,  with  short  bristles  or  spines ; 
empodia  rudimentary;  pulvilli  sometimes  rudimentary.  Wings  often 
with  dark  markings;  two  or  more  submarginai,  three  or  four  poster- 
ior, cells  present;  anal  cell  closed  in  or  near  the  border,  or  narrowly 
open. 

Flower  flies,  found  in  the  bright  sunshine  hovering' <ver  blossoms, 
or  resting  on  sunny  paths,  sticks  or  stones,  rarely  on  leaves.  Lar- 
vae, so  far  as  known,  parasitic  upon  hymenoptera  and  orthoptera; 
pupw  free. 

1.  The  bifurcation  of  the  second  and  third  veins  takes  place  oppo- 

site, or  nearly  opposite,  the  small  cross-vein ;  the  second  vein 
forms  a  knee  at  its  origin  from  the  pruefurca ;  the  third  vein 
in  a  straight  line  with  the  prasfurca.  ....  3 
The  bifurcation  of  the  second  and  third  veins  takes  place  some 
distance  before  the  small  cross- vein,  at  an  acute  angle;  the 
second  vein  does  not  form  a  knee  at  its  origin  from  the  prse- 
furca 1() 

2.  Three  or  more  submarginai  cells 8 

Two  submarginai  cells. 7 

*  Table  reproduced  from  Osten  Sacken,   Biologia  Central!- Americana, 
Diptera,  p.  76. 1886. 


NuMTM  Ambri<;an   Diitmra.  IK 

H.  Pour,  flomftinies  five,  iiubtnarfrinal  <-('llii.                 Myprkai.onia 
Three  submarginul  celU 4 

4.  'Iliird  joint  of  the  antennv  elonKate-conicHl r> 

Third  joint  of  the  antennw  Hhort,  onion-MhaiH'd,  with  a  very  long 
•tjrie,  not  bisected  by  a  RUture. 6 

*>    The  conical  third  joint  bears  a  more  or  U>8h  long  »ty\v,  separated 

liy  a  distinct  snture Kxopbobopa 

The  conical  third  joint  docs  not  bear  an  elongate  style  at  the  end; 
second  vein  strongly  contorted,  in  the  shu|M.-  of  a  reeiini- 
bent  S DiPALTA 

B.  Proboscis  long,  projecting  far  beyond  the  oral  margin.    Stonyx 
Proboscis  withdrawn  within  the  oral  cavity ;  rudimentary  pul- 

Villi ISOPBNTIIKH 

7.  The  style  of  the  third  antennal  joint  distinctly  bisected  by  a 
suture,  and  bearing  a  pencil  of  hairs  at  the  tip. 

Arutramocba 

The  antennal  style  not  bisected,  and  with  a  microscopic  bristle, 

but  no  pencil  of  hairs,  at  the  tip 8 

H.  Eyes  of  the  male  contiguous  on  the  vertex ;  anal  ceil  closed. 

O  ASTBOPHANBH 

Eyes  of  the  male  not  contiguous  on  vertex ;  anal  cell  open.       9 

9.  The  contact  of  the  discal  cell  with  the  third  posterior  not  much 
longer  than  its  contact  with  the  fourth  posterior  cell ;  probos- 
cis long,  projecting  far  beyond  the  oral  margin ;  sides  of  the 
abdomen  with  a  fringe  of  scales,  and  not  of  hairs  only. 

Lbpidanthuax 

The  contact  of  the  discal  cell  with  the  third  posterior  at  least 

twice  as  long  as  its  contact  with  the  fourth  posterior  cell, 

the  latter  contact  often  merely  punctiform.  Anthbax 

10.  Body  Anthrax-like;  frontal  triangle  in  the  male  large;  frontal 

space  in  the  female  of  a  corresponding  size.  .  11 

Body  not  A  n  t  h  r  a  x-like ;  frontal  triangle  in  the  male  small.  13 

11.  Antennae  approximate  at  the  base ;  third  antennal  joint  gradu- 

ally attenuate Ocodocbra 

Antennae)  remote  at  base 12 

12.  Pulvilli  distinct Aphusbantus 

Pulvilli  none Epacmus 


m 


Kamiliicii  ani>  (Siinkka  or 


14. 
U, 
U(. 
17. 
18. 
19. 


'H). 


21. 
22. 

28. 

24. 

26. 


Htnly  (Miitfiinn',  Ihonix,  MlNlomi'ii)  clothiMl  with  iiiort*  acalt**  than 
liairH,  KilitMiHc,  the  hImIoiiicii  lian){inK  down :  Mntonnw  long, 
limt  Joint  iinuaually  long 14 

Ho«ly  clothcil  with  ImirH,  <ir  I'Ui'  npHriy  KlHlm>UH.  15 

Four  poHti'rior  cflln. LBniNtriioBA 

Tliri'i'  poHtcrior  t'l'IU Toxoi'Iioba 

Four  poHtorior  rclU IH 

Tlm>e  posterior  I'l'IU ;  iinal  ci'll  clodctl 2fi 

Firwt  posterior  ci'il  closfil 17 

FirHt  poHtcrior  cell  o|n'n 21 

Two  suhniarKinal  c-elln 18 

Threi'  subniar^^inul  c-elli* Pantarbbs 

First  basal  cell  longer  than  the  Heeond.         .        .        .        .10 
Both  hatial  w\h  of  equal  length 20 

Head  eoniparatively  Hniall ;  the  eniargination  of  the  ticcipital 
orbit  almoHt  imperceptible ;  contact  between  the  aecotul  sub- 
nnirginal  cell  anil  the  first  pitsterior  more  than  puactiform. 

BOMBTMUH 

Mead  comparatively  large;  the  emargination  of  the  occipital 
orbit  distinct ;  ctmtact  between  the  second  submarginal  cell 
and  the  first  posterior  cell  often  only  punctiform.     Comahtes 

Underside  of  the  head  moilerately  pilose,  and  hence  its  different 
parts  (including  the  base  of  the  antennas  the  oratedge,  etc.) 
easily  perceptible 8ybt(BCHI'8 

Underside  of  the  head  densely  pilose,  the  root  of  the  antenna>, 
epistoma,  mouth,  etc.,  bi>ing  completely  hidden.   ANAHTCBrncs 

Two  submarginal  cells 22 

Three  submarginal  cells 26 

Both  basal  cells  of  equal  length.      .        .        .        Si>ARN(>p«>Lit's 
First  basal  cell  longer  than  the  second 28 

Third  antennal  joint  not  truncate  at  the  tip.    Eclimuh,  Epibatgh 
Hiird  antennal  joint  flattenetl,  truncate  at  the  tip.     .  24 

Proboscis  short.  1'.\kac«>s)ius 

Proboscis  very  long.    ' Phtiiikia 

The  rather  narrow  marginal  cell  very  much  e.x]mniled  at  the  end. 

FiOBDOTltS 

The  marginal  cell  only  moderately  expanded.  Ploai* 


NoiTH  Ahbkican  Dii^bba. 


«" 


'iO»    I'rolMivU  much  loiiKvr  than  thv  •iitennv  ;  •mall,  Bomhyl  iu»- 

likf,  pulH'Rvcnt  inivct* Gkkon 

I'rolioiids  Nhortcr  than  the  anU'nnK;  hm^  Amniophil«-lik«, 
nlnioitt  Klahrous  inikftii ;  four  IwmiI  M*innenta  of  the  abilnnicn 
very  narrow Ststkopub 

"9  (ivn.  Gcronie  (auvtor.)  vel  IJasypalpi  (Maoq.  Dipt.  Kxot.) 
oatia  vifinuin,  prapcipue  ilifTert  antennarum  palporunique  confor- 
iiiatione. 

"(^irpore  nn(;u8tato,  (lorao  thoracis  gibboso,  breviter  ut  parce  vil- 
iosulo;  capite  fere  Hpha!ric«>,  thorace  angustiore;  antennis  basi 
tingUHte  approxitnatiH,  fronte  lata,  uarum  prominula,  genis,  subfirbi- 
tia,  anguatiaeimia ;  prolM)8cide  rigiiio,  porrecto,  labria  inviaia  anten- 
iiaa  longitudine  superante ;  palpia  hauatello  aubaeque  longia,  gracili- 
bu8,  porrectia,  rigidia,  fere  cylliitlricia,  aegniento  ultimo,  vilToaulo ; 
nntennarum,  capite  loiigiorum,  Megmentia  duo  baaalibua  abbreviatia^ 
gracilibuH,  tequilongia,  8  ^ ,  pnecedentibua,  aimul  aumptia,  dupio 
longiore,  ohiongo,  baai  leniter  dilatato,  compreaao,  a^)icv  obtuao, 
Muperne  villoaulo,  ad  apicem  leniter  aulciolato,  chieto  inviao ;  alls, 
abdomine  multo  loiigioribua,  cellulia  poaticia  tribua,  tribuaque  aub- 
marginalibua  munitia,  cunctia  late  apertia,  anali  ante  marginem 
clauaa,  haaali  externa  interna  parum  longiore,  vena  quarta  longitu- 
dinali  (Rondani)  bifurcata,  vena  traneveraali  externa,  ante  medi- 
um celleisp  diacoidalia  aatia  elongata,  locata."         Rhai>4>P8ELAPhu8 

"Same  as  Anthrax  except  that  the  axillary  cell  ia  not  longer 
than  twice  the  diatance  between  the  tipa  of  the  laat  two  veina,  and 
the  third  basal  cell  ia  wider  at  ita  apex  than  at  anv  other  part. 
Winga  tapering  conaidcrably  toward  the  baaea,  axillary  cell  very 
narrow." Mahoia 

"Antennte  porrect,  third  joint  when  viewed  from  the  aide  acarcely 
longer  than  wide,  aomewhat  oval  in  outline,  but  tapering  to  the  tip, 
which  ia  blunt  and  beara  a  very  abort  atyle,  tipped  with  a  abort  bria- 
tie ;  flrat  joint  longer  than  the  aecond,  but  not  one  half  ao  long  aa 
the  third ;  flrat  two  jointa  of  nearly  an  equal  width,  not  more  than 
one  half  aa  wide  aa  the  third  at  ita  baae.  Face  retreating  below, 
bare  except  on  oral  margin.  Head  a  little  thicker  than  long,  wider 
than  the  thorax,  and  fully  three-fourtha  aa  large.  Thorax  with  bria- 
tlea  in  front  of  winga  and  on  hind  anglea.  Scutellum  rounded  be- 
hind. Winga  with  two  aubmarginal  and  four  poaterior  cella,  all  of 
the  latter  open,  aa  ia  alao  the  third  baaal ;  email  croaa-vein  near 
middle  of  diacal  cell ;  furcation  of  aecond  and  third  veina  occura 
before  proximal  end  of  diacal  cell.  All  of  the  tibiae  provided  with 
briatlea ;  pulvilli  pad-like." Eucbsbia 

ExoPBOSOPA  Macquart,  Dipt.   Exot.   II,  1,  35,   1840;    Trinaria 

Mulaant. 
Hyrbkau)Mia  Rondani,  Archivio  per  la  Zool.  Ill,  1864. 
Stonyx  Oaten  Sacken,  Biologia  Central!  Americana,  Diptera,  94, 

1880. 


Ml 


88 


FaMILIBS   AMD  UbNERA   OK 


IsopBiTTHBB  Oaten  Sacken,  Biologia  Centrali-Aineriraiiu,  Diptoru, 

96,  1886. 
DiPALTA  Osten  Sacken,  Weatern  Dipt.  236,  1877. 
Arotram(bba  Schiner,  Weiner  Ent.  Monatschr.  IV,  51,  1864). 
ABTROPHANB8  Osten  Sacken,  Biologia  Centmli- Americana,  1)i])tera, 

106,  1886. 

Lbpidamthrax  Osten  Sacken,  Biologia Centrali- Americana,  Diptera, 

107,  1886. 

Anthrax  Scopoli,  Knt.  Cam.  1763. 

Oncodockra  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.  II,  83,  1840. 

Epacmuh  Osten  Sacken,  Biologia  Centrali- Americana,  Diptera,  142, 

1886;  Leptochilus  Loew,  preoccupied. 
Aphosbantiib  Ijoew,  Centur.  X,  39,  1872. 
Bombylius  Linne,  Fauna  Suecica,  1758. 
CoMASTKS  Osten  Sacken,  Western  Dipt.  266,  1877. 
St8T(Bchu8  Ix)ew,  Neue  Beitr.  Ill,  34,  1856. 
ANASTtBciius  Otiten  Sacken,  Western  Dipt.  251,  1877. 
Pantarbbs  Osten  Sacken,  Western  Dipt.  264,  1877. 
Sparnopolius  Loew,  Neue  Beitr.  Ill,  43,  1856. 
Lordotus  Loew,  Centur.  V,  63,  1863. 
Paraoosmus  Osten  Sacken,  Western  Dipt.  262,  1877. 
Phthiria  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  1803. 
Gbron  Meigen,  Syst.  Beaclir.  II,  223,  1820. 
Ststropijs  Wiedemann.  Nov.  Dipt.  1820. 
Lbpidophora  Westwood,  Lond.  and  Edinb.  Phil.  Magaz.  18:{6. 
ToPHORA  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  270, 1803. 
EoLiHUs  Loew,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeit,  1844,  164. 
Rhabdosblaphus  Bigot,  Bullet.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1886,  p.  CIll. 
Mancia  Coquillett,  Can.  Entom.  1886,  159. 
EucBSBiA  Coquillett,  Can.  Entom.  May,  1886. 


THEREVID.*:. 

Rather  small,  elongate,  bristly,  predaceous  flies.  Eyes  of  the 
male  contiguous;  front  in  the  female  not  excavateil.  Antennn* 
composed  of  three  joints,  the  third  simple,  with  a  terminal  style, 
sometimes  wanting.  Proboscis  moderately  projecting,  the  labella 
broad.  Ocelli  present.  Abdomen  elongate ;  genitalia  (  ^  ,  9  )  mod- 
erately or  but  little  j)rominent.  Legs  slender,  bristly ;  empodia 
wanting.    Third  longitudinal  vein  of  the  wings  furcate,  the  posterior 


< 


/^ 


North  Amkkm-an  Dihtkka. 


89 


f 


brunch  terminating  beyond  the  tip;  Ave . posterior  cells;  basal  cells 
long,  the  third  (anal)  closed  in  the  border. 

Predaceous  flies,  concealing  themselves  among  the  leaves  of  low 
bushes  where  they  lie  in  wait  for  other  insects.  Imtvib  long,  snake- 
like, apparently  composed  of  nineteen  segments;  those  of  the  known 
species  found  in  fungi  or  decaying  wood ;  pupae  free. 

1.  Antenna*  situated  upon  a  frontal  projection,  the  first  joint  elon- 

gate and  more  or  less  thickened,  longer  than  the  head. 

Xebtomtza 

Knmt  not  projecting ;  first  joint  of  the  antennae  usually  slender, 

when  thickened,  never  longer  than  the  head.  2 

2.  Face  thickly  pilose Thkrbva 

Pace  bare Fsiloobfhala 

XU8TOMYZA  Wiedemann,  Nova  Dipt.  Gener  1820. 
'I'HfiRSVA  Latreille,  Precis,  etc.  1796. 
PfliLOCBPHAUk  Zetterstedt,  Ins.  Lapp.  525,  1840. 


SCENOPINID^. 

Small,  slender,  bare  flies.  Males  usually  holoptic;  the  front  in 
neither  sex  excavated.  Ocelli  present.  Antennae  composed  of  three 
simple  joints,  without  style  or  bristle,  the  third  joint  elongate.  Pro- 
boscis short,  concealed.  Legs  rather  short;  empodia  wanting. 
Third  longitudinal  vein  furcate ;  three  posterior  cells,  the  first  nar- 
rowed or  closed  in  the  margin ;  basal  cells  elongate,  the  first  much 
longer  than  the  second,  anal  cell  closed  before  the  margin. 

Flies  not  rare  in  dwellings  on  windows.  Larvae  similar  to  those  of 
the  Therevidae;  carnivorous,  living  in  decaying  wood,  under  car- 

l)ets,  etc SOENOPINDB 

S«-BNOPiNi:>*  Latreille,  Hist.  Nat.  d.  Ins.  et  Crust.  XIV,  392,  1803. 


ACROCERID^. 

Small  to  large,  never  elongate,  pilose  or  bare  species.  Head  small, 
or  very  small ;  thorax  large,  spherical ;  scutellum  large ;  abdomen 
closely  imited  to  thorax,  large  and  inflated.  Antennae  two  or  three 
jointed,  with  or  without  a  terminal  bristle  or  style,  inserted  high  up 
or  low  down.  Eyes  very  large,  contiguous  in  both  sexes.  Two, 
three,  or  no  ocelli  present.  Proboscis  rudimentary  or  very  long. 
Legs  rather  stout ;  empodia  developed  pulvilliform.     Tegulae  very 


40 


Famimkh  ani>  Gknkka  ok 


large,  inflated.  Neuration  variable,  the  veiiM  Muinetinies  in<liHtiii(;t. 
The  flies  l)elon^ng  here  will  be  readily  recognized  by  tlie  liiineh- 
back-like  shape,  very  small  head  and  large  tegulte.  They  are 
not  very  common,  found  in  sweepings,  etc.  Larva*,  so  far  an  known, 
parasitic  upon  spiders  or  their  cocoons. 

1.  Antennae  with  a  terminal  bristle 2 

Antenns  without  terminal  style  or  bristle fi 

2.  Antennae  inserted  near  the  vertex il 

Antennae  inserted  near  tlie  mouth 4 

3.  Wings  with  a  stout  costal  spur  near  the  tip  of  auxiliary  vein. 

Ptbhoik>nti  A 
Wings  without  such  spur ;  anal  cell  absent.  Acrckkra 

4.  Venation  complete ;  eyes  pilose <>i*8BBit'S 

Veins  more  or  less  obsolete ;  eyes  liare.  .        .  OcWiKA 

6.  Proboscis  rudimentary Omcodes 

Proboscis  elongate H 

H.  Ocelli  wanting ;  large  flies. Lasia 

Ocelli  present ;  smaller  flies Ei'lonohus 

AoROCBRA  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  1803. 

OpsBBitTB  Costa,  Rend,  di  Soc.  R.  Borbon.  Acad.  d.  Sc.  V.  186(t. 

PiALOittBA  Westwood,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.  1876,  514. 

OCir^A  Erlchson,  Entomogr.  1846. 

Ptbbodontia  Gray,  Grifllth's  Anim.  Kingd.  1832. 

fitTLOTtCHVB  Gerstaecker,  Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.  1856. 

Lasia  Wiedemann,  Analecta,  1824. 

Oncodes  Latreille,  Precis,  etc.  154,  1796. 


LONCHOFrERIDuE. 

Small  (2-4  mm. )  slender,  brownish  or  yellowish  flies.  Antenna; 
short,  porrect,  third  joint  simple,  circular,  with  a  terminal  bristle. 
Ocelli  present.  Scutellum  with  two  bristles.  Legs  Jong,  short 
bristly  ;  pulvilli  very  small ;  empodia  wanting.  Wings  lancet-like, 
pointed ;  three  basal  cells  of  moderate  size,  of  nearly  equal  length  ; 
fourth  longitudinal  vein  furcate,  and  united  with  the  flfth  near  the 
base LoNOHOPTUKA 

The  flies  are  met,  often  in  abundance,  in  the  grass  or  on  the  stones 
near  the  margins  of  shady  brooks.    The  larva;  are  but  little  known. 

LoircHoi>TBRA  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  272,  1808. 


North  Amrkk'an  Diptkha. 


41 


Rather  small  to  ver,?  small,  elongate,  usually  nearly  bare,  preda- 
eeous  flies.  Head  small,  usually  round,  attachecl  by  a  free  neck. 
Antennae  porrect;  first  two  joints  often  very  small;  third  joint 
variable  in  shape,  simple,  not  annulate,  with  ur  without  a  terminal 
arista  or  style,  or  dorsal  arista.  Front  not  excavated.  Eyes  of 
male  usually  eontijiuous.  Ocelli  present.  l*roboscis  short  or  elon- 
gaW,  adapter)  for  pien*ing;  porrect,  vertical,  or  directed  backward. 
Tegulie  small.  Abiiomen  in  the  female  pointed,  in  the  male  with 
more  or  less  prominent  genitalia.  Legs  very  variable  in  structure, 
the  eoxie  and  femora  often  in  part  thickened,  elongate,  or  with 
various  structural  peculiarities,  usually  sexual ;  empodia  not  devel- 
oped pulvilliform.  Wings  variable  in  ncuration;  the  discal  cell 
often  wanting,  as  also  the  anal  cell ;  one  to  three  submarginal  cells 
present. 

The  flies  in  their  habits  are  very  much  like  the  Asilidae ;  they  are 
often  observiil  in  swarms  about  brooks.  The  larvse  live  in  decaying 
vegetable  matter.     Pupte  free. 

1.  Anal  cell  present 2 

Anal  cell  wanting ;  or  if  present,  very  small  and  the  sixth  vein 

obsolete  (Tachydrominse). 10 

2.  Front  femora  shorter  or  but  little  longer  than  the  coxae  (Tach- 

ydrominie) 10 

Front  femora  longer  than  the  coi^ae 3 

3.  Posterior  b»,sal  transverse  vein  parallel  with  the  hind  border  of 

the  wing  (Empinse) 0 

Posterior  basal  transverse  vein  not  parallel  with  the  hind  border 
of  the  wing  (Hybotinte) 4 

4.  Third  longitudinal  vein  furcate ;  first  submarginal  cell  closed. 

Blepharoproctu-s 
Third  vein  simple,  not  furcate 6 

5.  Anal  cell  shorter  than  the  second  basal  cell 8 

Anal  cell  as  long  or  longer  than  the  second  basal.  6 

0.  Origin  of  the  second  longitudinal  vein  nearer  the  humeral  than 

to  the  anterior  cross-vein  ;  wings  usually  spotted.    Stnbches 

Origin  not  nearer  the  humeral  cross- vein ;  wings  not  spotted.      7 

7.  Vein  between  the  first  and  second  basal  cells  indistinct. 

Syndtas 
Vein  between  first  and  second  basal  cells  distinct.  Hybos 


42 


Families  and  TiicNERA  of 


8.  Third  antennal  joint  conical ;  bristle  terminal.  Lbitopkza 

Third  antennal  joint  ovate;  bristle  sub-dorsal.  Octdkomia 

0.  Third  longitudinal  vein  furcate.       .        .             Kiiami'Homyia 
Third  vein  simple,  not  furcate 10 

10.  No  discal  cell Cvrtoma 

A  discal  cell  present 11 

11.  Proboscis  distinctly  longer  than  the  head.        ...  12 
Proboscis  not  longer  than  the  head 14 

12.  All  the  legs  of  nearly  equal  length ;  hind  femora  much  tluck- 

ened.        . Paciitmeria 

Hind  legs  longer  than  the  others ;  hind  femora  but  little  or  not 
at  all  thickene<l. 13 

13.  Proboscis  slender,  directe<l  backwani  or  downward.  Emi'IH 
IVoboscis  moderately  thickened,  directed  forward.      Iteapiiila 

14.  Antennae  very  short,  apparentlj'  two-jointed,  third  joint  com- 

pressed, with  a  short,  thick,  unjointed  style.  Hormopeza 

Antennae  not  very  short,  distinctly  three-jointed ;  third  joint  awl 

or  pear-shaped  or  spherical,  with  a  two-jointed  terminal  style 

or  bristle. 16 

16.  Proboscis  as  long  as  the  head,  conical,  vertical ;  anterior  meta- 
tarsi usually  thickened  in  the  male.  Hilara 
Proboscis  shorter  tlian  the  head,  horizontal ;  anterior  metatarsi 
of  the  male  not  thickened Gu>ma 

16.  Third  longitudinal  vein  furcate;  discal  cell  present;  anterior 

coxae  usually  elongate 17 

Third  longitudinal  vein  simple,  discal  cell  wanting.      .  10 

17.  Front  femora  much  thickened ;  two  posterior  veins  arise  from 

the  discal  cell Heuebodromia 

Front  femora  not  much  thickened ;  three  posterior  veins  arise 
from  the  discal  cell. 18 

18.  Antennse  with  a  long  terminal  bristle.    .  Ardoptkka 
Antennae  with  a  short  terminal  bristle ;  sixth  vein  obsolete  be- 
fore reaching  the  margin.         ....        Clinocbra 

Antennae  with  an  extremely  short  terminal  style ;  sixth  lohgitu- 
dinal  vein  not  evanescent  before  reaching  the  margin. 

Synamphoteka 

19.  Anal  cell,  or  at  least  the  posterior  basal  cross-vein,  present ; 

antennae  with  a  long  terminal  bristle.                  Taciivdrohia 
Anal  cell  wholly  wanting 20 


NoKTH  Ambrk'an  Diitkra. 


4S 


TOPE  J!  A 
DKOMIA 

•HOMYIA 

.       10 
;yrtoma 

.      11 

12 
14 

ch  thick- 

IIYMBRIA 

tie  or  not 
.      13 

[teaphila 
oint  com- 

ORMOPBZA 

1  joint  awl 

ninal  style 

15 

erior  meta- 

HlLARA 

metatarsi 

GlX>MA 

anterior 
17 
.    19 
arise  from 

JHODBOMIA 

veins  arise 
18 

\HD«>PTKBA 

obsolete  be- 
Clinocera 

xth  lougittt- 
gin. 

lAMPHOTBHA 

in,  present; 

CIIYDROMIA 

.        20 


20.  Front  femora  thickvneil. 21 

Front  femora  n«»t  thickenetl 22 

21.  Arista  terminal Taciitpbza 

Arista  subdorsal. Phokbutisca 

22.  Arista  terminal Drapbtih 

Arista  dorsal 2ft 

28.  Proboscis  short,  vertical ;  palpi  broad Stilpon 

Proboscis  slender ;  palpi  narrow,  slender.  .      pHONErriBCA 

'  Hritos  Meigon,  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  1803. 
•Synbchbs  Walker,  Dipt.  Saund.  166,  1863. 

SvNDTAs  Loew,  Dipternf.  Sudafrikas,  5(K),  18tK). 

Blepharophoctiis  Loew,  Centur.  II,  17,  1862  (Brachy stoma). 

OcYDROMiA  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  II,  311,  1820. 
'  Kmpis  Linne,  Fauna  Suecica,  176^^. 

•  Pachtmbria  Stephen,  Syst.  Cat.  1829. 

•  Iteapiiila  Zetterstedt,  Ins.  I^pp.  641,  1840. 

•  Khahphomyia  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  Ill,  1822. 
.HiKARA  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  Ill,  1822. 

•  HoHH«>PBZA  Zetterstedt,  Ins.  Lapp.  1840. 

•  Gloma  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  Ill,  1^2. 
•Cyktoma  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  IV,  1824. 

•  Lbptoi'eza  Macquart,  Dipt.  <lu  Nord.  1827. 

•  Stilpon  Loew,  Neue  Beitr.  VI,  34,  1869. 

•  Drapbtis  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr:  III,  1822. 

•  Tachydromia  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  1803. 
Phoneutisca  Loew,  Centur.  Ill,  36,  1863. 

•Tachypeza  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  VI,  341,  18:i0. 
.Arim>ptera  Macquart,  Dipt,  du  Nord.  1827. 
Synamphotbra  Loew,  Ztitschr.  f.  Ges.  Naturw.  VI,  46:^,  1868. 

•  Hehkrooromia  Meigen,  Syst.  Beschr.  Ill,  1822. 
•Ci.iNo<KRA  Meigen,  Illiger's  Magaz.  II,  271,  1803. 


DOLICHOPODIDiE.* 

Usually  metallic  green  or  blue  flies  of  small  size ;  active,  predac- 
eous,  found  on  vegetation  or  in  damp  situations.  Head  hemispheri- 
cal, eyes  large,  rarely  contiguous  in  the  male.  Front  with  bristles 
on  the  vortex  only;  ocelli  present.    Antennse  porrect;  third  joint 


*  The  fiimily  characters  and  table  are  reproduced  from  Loew's  Mono* 
graph  of  the  flimily  (Smithsonian  Institution,  188S),  to  which  the  reader  is 
referred  for  further  information. 


44 


Familibs  and  Gbnera  or 


Hiinplo  with  a  terminal  or  <ior8al  arista.  Protmscis  short  and  stout. 
Hypopygium  of  male  usually  inflected  under  the  ab<Ionien,  and  com- 
posed of  two  consecutive  parts,  bearing  at  the  end  eight  paired  and 
two  single  appendages.  The  auxiliary  vein  terminates  in  the  first 
longitudinal  vein ;  third  longitudinal  vein  not  furcate ;  second  basal 
cell  united  with  the  discal  cell ;  anal  cell  small ;  three  posterior 
cells.  Legs  more  or  less  bristly,  in  the  male  usually  with  struc- 
tural differences ;  empodia  not  developed  pulvilliform. 

Larvae  found  in   the  ground,  or  in   tlecaying  vegetable  matter. 
I'upaB  free. 

L  First  antennal  joint  hairy  above.  .        .         .        .        .  2 

First  antennal  joint  glabrous  above 16 

2.  Hypopygium  disengaged 8 

Hypopygium  more  or  less  imbedded 14 

3.  First  joint  of  the  hind  tarsi  bristly 4 

First  joint  of  the  hind  tarsi  not  bristly 6 

4.  Face  descending  as  far  as  the  inferior  angle  of  the  eye. 

Htgrooki.buthuh 
Face  not  descending  as  far  as  the  inferior  angle  of  the  eye. 

DOLICHOPCS 

6.  I'alpi  of  the  male  unusually  large Diobtbacds 

Palpi  of  the  male  small. 0 

(S.  The  last  portion  of  the  fourth  longitudinal  vein  is  parallel,  or  al- 
most so,  to  the  third  longitudinal  vein.  Gtmnopternus 
The  last  portion  of  the  fourth-longitudinal  vein  is  distinctly  con- 
vergent towards  the  third  longitudinal  vein.  ...  7 

7.  The  end  of  the  fourth  longitudinal  vein  is  abruptly,  or  at  least 

steeply  deflected  anteriorly 8 

The  end  of  the  fourth  longitudinal  vein  is  only  gradually  deflect- 
ed anteriorly 9 

8.  Arista  with  the  usual  pubescence ;  the  end  of  the  fourth  longitu- 

dinal vein,  beyond  the  angular  flexure,  runs  in  curve. 

Paracmub 
Arista  short-plumose;  the  end  of  the  fourth  longitudinal  vein, 
beyond  the  rounded  flexure,  runs  in  a  straight  line. 

Pela8tonbi;kl'S 

0.  The  face  reaches  down  to  the  inferior  corner  of  the  eye. 

TACHTTBBCHU8 

The  face  does  not  reach  down  to  the  inferior  corner  of  the  eye.  10 


NoHTH  American  Dipteka. 


10.   Proboscis  and  palpi  very  much  prolonged.     .         ^OrthooiiiLB 
Proboscis  and  palpi  not  prolonged 11 

11    Scutcllum  hairy ^Stbibtroma 

Scutelluin  not  hairy 18 

12.  Hypopygiuin  sessile Hbrcostomva 

Hypopygium  pedunculated 13 

13.  Second  antennal  joint  of  usual  shape.     .        .     ^  Hyfophyllcb 
Second  antennal  joint  rudimentary.  .  o  HaltbrioekD8 

14.  Abdomen  of  male  laterally  compressed.        .        .      ^  Ahepsics 
Abdomen  of  the  male  not  compressed 16 

15.  Second  antennal  joint  of  the  usual  transverse  shape.       Arotba 
Second  antennal  joint  with  a  thumb-like  projection  over  the  in- 
side of  the  third ®  Stntobmon 

16.  Third  antennal  joint  in  both  sexes,  or  at  least  in  the  male,  pro- 

longed, pointed,  and  with  an  apical  arista.    ...        17 

Third  antennal  joint  short  even  in  the  male,  and  if  it  should  be 

somewhat  prolonged,  then  neither  pointed  nor  with  an  apical, 

but  at  the  utmost  with  a  subapical  arista.      ...       28 

17.  Second  antennal  joint  with  a  thumb-like  projection  over  the 

inner  side  of  the  third Synarthrus 

Second  antennal  joint  without  a  thumb-like  projection,  trans- 
verse  18 

18.  Posterior  transverse  vein  distant  from  the  margin  of  the  wing ; 

palpi  incumbent 19 

Posterior  transverse  vein  approximated  to  the  margin  of  the 

wing ;  palpi  hanging  down ^  Aphrostlus 

10.  Hypopygium  pedunculated,  free ^  Stbtbnus 

Hypopygium  sessile,  more  or  less  imbedded.     ...        20 

20.  The  male  abdomen  has  five  segments.    .        .        .    <>  Smiliotus 
The  male  abdomen  has  six  segments.  ....        21 

21.  Third  antennal  joint  prolonged  also  in  the  female.      Rhaphium 
Third  antennal  joint  of  the  female  not  prolonged.     .  22 

22.  Third  antennal  joint  of  the  male  very  much  prolonged  (small, 

less  hairy  species) ?  Xiphandrium 

Third  antennal  joint  of  the  male  moderately  prolonged  (larger, 
more  hairy  species) Forphyrops 

28.  Fourth  longitudinal  vein  forked.             .        .                Fbilopcs 
Fourth  longitudinal  vein  simple 24 


46  Famiijkh  ami  Gknkiia  or 

24.  Upper  side  of  the  thorax  convex  l>eliin<1 25 

Upper  side  of  the  thorax  )H>hind  with  a  soinewliHt  concave  de- 

presBion 44* 

25.  Fifth  lon^fitudina!  vein  .ultogcther  wanting.                °Achau'I8 
Fifth  longitudinal  vein  distinct 90 

26.  Distance  of  the  posterior  transverse  vein  from  tlie  margin  of  the 

wing  equal  to  its  own  length  or  hmger 27 

Distance  of  the  posterior  transverse  vein  to  the  margin  of  the 
wing  shorter  than  its  own  length 88 

27.  Posterior  transverse  vein  unusually  oblique.       °  l'i.AOiONKi;Rim 
Posterior  transverse  vein  but  little  oblique 28 

28.  Hypopygium  distinctly  bent  under  the  venter.  21> 
Hypopygium  not  distinctly  bent  under  the  venter  or  entirely  im- 
bedded  30 

29.  The  face  of  both  sexerf  very  broad,  not  narrowed  superiorly. 

«TlUNOPHILD» 

The  face  of  both  sexes  rather  narrow,  somewhat  narrowed  supe- 
riorly  Peoubs 

30.  Outer  appendages  of  the  hypopygium  long,  filiform. 

O  NSMATOPROC'TtlH 

Outer  appendages  of  tlie  hypopygium  not  long,  nor  flliform.    31 

81.  Third  joint  of  the  male  antennae  conspicuously  large. 

Lkucohtola 
Third  joint  of  male  antennae  small 32 

82.  Pulvilli  of  the  male  fore  tarsi  conspicuously  enlarged.        .    33 
Pulvilli  of  the  male  fore  tarsi  not,  or  very  slightly  enlarged.   34 

83.  Pulvilli  of  the  male  fore  tarsi  not  prolonged.  ®  Eutarbcs 
Pulvilli  of  the  male  fore  tarsi  prolonged.    .  Diaphgroh 

84.  Arista  altogether  or  almost  altogether  apical.  .35 
Arista  dorsal 86 

85.  Wings  of  considerable  size  (larger  species).  .    Lykonbubus 
Wings  of  small  size  (smaller  species).  Chbysotus 

86.  Legs  of  male  with  isolated,  strong,  spine-like  bristles. 

oTeiiohophori;s 

Legs  of  the  sexes  without  isolated,  strong,  spine-like  bristles.  37 

87.  Face  not  narrowed  above Symptcnus 

Face  considerably  narrowed  above.        .        .       Campsicnbmcs 


North  American  Diptbra. 


47 


MS.  All  ffinorH  Hieniler,  abdominal  8e(;incntfl  with  briatles  before  the 

liiiitl  marinn Liancalus 

Fore  femora  incroBgated  tciwanU  the  basis.        ...        89 

:)0.   Fortf  tibia»  with  long  thorns Sc'BLLUs 

Fore  tibiie  with  ver}'  short  little  thorns.     .  Htdrophorus 

40.  Arista  apical,  or  at  least  subapical 41 

Arista  distinctly  dorsal 43 

41    Third  and  fourth  longitudinal  veins  strongly  convergent. 

Mbdbtbrub 
Third  and  fourth  longitudinal  veins  parallel.  Ciirtsotihds 

42.  Male  abdomen  with  six  distinct  segments.  Xanthociilorcs 

Male  abdomen  with  five  distinct  segments.         .         Savcropits 

"  Face  of  the  male  prolonged  downward,  and  dependent  in  the 
shape  of  a  silvery  sheet  or  ribbon ;  in  length,  this  ribbon  is  about 
equal  to  the  upper  part  of  the  face  between  the  antennae  and  the 
lower  end  of  the  eye.  In  life,  the  ribbon  is  straight ;  in  dried  speci- 
mens its  end  is  usually  bent  inwards.  Cilia  of  the  very  small  tegulsB 
in  the  male  unusually  long  (bent  backward,  they  would  almost  reach 
the  end  of  the  seccmd  abdominal  segment);  they  can  be  folded  like 
a  fan,  and  then  form  a  long  tapering  horn  or  spine-like  body." 

POLTMBDON 

"  Hypopygium  of  male  with  four  strong  setule;  tarsi  without 
elongate  pulvilli ;  distal  portion  of  fourth  longitudinal  vein  inter- 
rupted; posterior  transverse  vein  remote  from  the  border;  other- 
wise similar  to  Diaphorus."  ....        Astitdetds 

"First  antennal  joint  bristly  above,  second  rudimentary,  third 
small,  with  an  extraordinarily  elongated  dorsal  bristle,  which  is  di- 
lated shovel-shaped  at  the  end.  Face  descending  below  the  angle 
of  the  eyes.  Hind  femora  in  front  with  only  one  preapical  bristle ; 
hind  metatarsi  unarmed.  Hypopygium  free ;  the  exterior  processes 
lamelliform.  Last  section  of  the  fourth  longitudinal  vein  strongly 
convergent  toward  the  third,  so  that  the  terminations  of  the  two 
veins  are  close  together.    M.  (Tachytrechus)  maechus  Loew." 

MaCBUjOOERUB. 


SYRPHID^. 

Rather  large  to  rather  small,  thickly  or  thinly  pilose,  often  brightly 
colored  Hies.  (^>celli  present;  males  holoptic  or  dichoptic.  Third 
joint  of  antennae  simple;  with  a  dorsal  bristle,  or  rarely  a  terminal 
style.  Abdomen  very  variable  in  shape.  Legs  often  with  structural 
sexual  peculiarities;  empodia  not  developed.  Three  basal  cells  of 
wing  large ;  first  posterior  cell  closed  near  or  at  some  distance  before 
the  margin  of  the  wing ;  between  the  third  and  the  fourth  longitud- 


Familiks  ami*  Gbnkra  or 


inal  veinH,  an<l  Hulipnralli'l  with  thom,  croiKint;  ttic  antorior  crnsR-Tfin, 
a  false  or  spurious  vein,  nearly  always  present,  and  characteristic; 
face  without  suliantennal  grooves. 

Flower-flies,  usually  only  to  be  found  in  bright  sunshiny  weather. 
Larvae  found  in  decomposing  organic  matter,  under  bark,  in  soft 
mud,  etc.;  pupie  enclosed  in  the  larval  skin,  the  fly  escaping  through 
a  circular  anterior  orifice  (Diptera  cyclorrhapha). 

1.  Antennae  with  a  terminal  style. 3 

Antennae  with  a  dorsal  bristle •!  - 

2.  Antennae  cylindrical,  first  two  joints  elongate.  Cbkia 
First  two  joints  short,  third  compressed.                   1'ei.kcockra 

3.  Marginal  cell  of  the  wing  closed  and  petiolate.          .        .        -iS 
Marginal  cell  open. 4  - 

4.  Anterior  cross-vein  of  the  wing  distinctly  before  the  middle  of 

the  diacal  cell,  usually  rectangular.  .                                .      5  - 
Anterior  cross-vein  ending  near  or  beyond  the  middle  of  the  dis- 
cal  cell,  usually  oblique.    .        .       • 48 

6.  Antennae  elongate.      ........  (( 

Antennae  short 11  ^ 

6.  Dorsum  of  thorax  without  yellow  lateral  stripes.  .  7 
Dorsum  of  thorax  with  yellow  lateral  stripes ;  large  species. 

Chbysotuxum 

7.  Face  rounded,  pilose,  not  tuberculate,  oral  margin  not  project- 

ing  H 

Face  not  evenly  arched ;  tuberculate,  or  the  oral  margin  pro- 
jecting.     0 

8.  Large  species ;  ^utellum  flattened,  usually  with  spines  or  tuber- 

cles ;  a  stump  of  vein  in  the  first  posterior  cell  from  the  third 

longitudinal  vein. Microdon 

Small  species ;  scutellum  without  points ;  no  such  projecting 
stump PiPizA 

9.  Body  clothed  with  sparse  tomentum ;  all  the  femora  thickened 

and  with  a  row  of  short  spines  below  (see,  also,  Myiolepta 
strigilata) o  Lepidostola 

Body  not  tomentose;  all  the  femora  not  thickened  and  with 

spines  below 10 

10.  Face  tuberculate  below,  partly  or  wholly  yellow ;  epistoma  re- 
ceding ;  fade  and  front  not  wrinkled.  Pahaqus 

Epistoma  projecting ;  front  and  face  black.       ...        16 


North  Amkrican  Diptbra. 


11.  Face  black  in  ground  color .IS 

Face  mnrv  or  leM  yellow  in  ground  color.  90- 

12.  Abdomen  with  only  four  Tisible  tegmenta ;  flrtt  two  joints  of 

the  antennas  Tcry  abort,  third  large,  aubquadrate,  with  a  abort, 

aubterminal  ariata Nausioaatbr 

Abdomen  with  more  than  four  visible  segmenta.  13 

13.  Hind  femora  diatinctly  thickened U 

Hind  femora  but  little  or  not  at  all  thickened.     .  .16 

14.  Scutellum  unuaually  large,  nearly  aquare ;  malea  dichoptic. 

Chaloomtia 

Scutellum  not  unuaually  large,  conaiderably  broader  at  the  baae; 

males  holoptic  and  with  a  facial  tubercle.         ..     Mtiolkpta 

15.  Epiatoma  projecting ;  amall  black  apeciea.        ...        16 
Face  tuberculate,  the  oral  margin  not  projecting.  17 
Face  rounded,  piloae,  not  tuberculate,  the  oral  margin  not  pro- 
jecting  PiPlZA 

16.  Front  in  female,  and  the  face  in  both  aexea  usually,  with  trana- 

verae  wrinklea Chbtsooastbb 

Face  and  front  not  wrinkled ;  face  pilose,  without  tubercle. 

Pbilota 

17.  Metallic  green,  metallic  green  and  black,  or  black  apeciea;  ab- 

domen oval,  never  with  entire  ahining  cross-bands.  Chilosia 

Black  with  more  or  less  metallic  green  or  blue,  with  yellow  or 

yellowish  abdominal  markiugs,  or  if  not,  at  least  with  entire 

shining  cross-bands ;  abdomen  usually  elongate.  .  18 

18.  Wings  not  longer  than  the  abdomen ;  ocellar  tubercle  large ; 

abdomen  depressed,  long  elliptical,  somewhat  'narrowed  to- 
ward the  base,  the  lighter  markings  ferruginous  or  orange- 
yellow Ptrophjbna 

Wings  longer  than  the  abdomen,  usually  more  slander  species, 
abdominal  cross-bands  yellow  or  greenish  yellow,  or  some- 
times shining  metallic 10 

19.  Front  tibiae,  distally,  and  tarai  of  the  male  dilated,  those  of  the 

female  a  little  widened Platychibus 

Front  tibiae  and  tarsi  slender  in  both  sexes.  Mblahostoma 

20.  Dorsum  of  thorax  with  yellow  lateral  stripes.    .  ^    .        .       29 
Porsum  of  thorax  not  with  yellow  lateral  stripes.         .        .    21  - 

21.  Abdomen  narrowed  toward  the  base,  in  outline  club-shaped  or 

spatulate 22 

Abdomen  oval  or  slender,  not  spatulate  or  club-shaped.  24 


60 


Families  xvit  CiBNiKA  or 


22.   Hlml  femora  sU'IiiUt  ;  nlHlomt'ii  ohtntrHte,  uniiRlly  hU'IkKt  toward 

the  l)a»f ;  front  of  feniak'  long,  narrowi-d  aliovv.  Oaccha 

Hind  femora  thickeniHl 88 

28.  Epistoma  produced  anteriorly,  in  profile  deeply  concave  from 
antenna;  to  oral  margin;  third  joint  of  antenna;  rounded. 

Shhkoina 

Epistoma  produced  more  downward,  in  profile  gently  concave ; 

third  joint  of  antennte  not  rounded.    .  Nkoabcia 

24.  Abdomen  with  definite  yellow  cross-bands,  interrupted  or  en- 
tire. . 26  ' 

Abiloinen  not  with  definite  yellow  cross-hands.  .        .88 

26.  Hind  femora  extraordinarily  thickened.     .        .        .      Stritta 
Hind  femora  slender 20  - 

20.  Sixth  abdominal  segment  in  the  male  as  long  as  the  two  prece- 
ding together,  cylindrical;  fifth  segment  in  the  female  one- 
half  as  long  as  the  preceding Ecpeoubh 

Sixth  segment  not  peculiar;  the  fifth  segment  in  the  female  one-   , 
third  or  one-fourth  as  long  as  the  preceding.  27 

27.  Front  very  convex ;  eyes  of  male  with  an  area  of  enlarged  facets 

above Catabomba 

Front  not  remarkably  convex 28  ^ 

28.  Third  longitudinal  vein  with  a  distinct  curvature  into  the  first 

posterior  cell ;  third  joint  of  antennae  elongate  oval.      Didea 

Third  longitudinal  vein  straight  or  gently  curved ;  epistoma  not 

produced  (if  produced  in  a  long  porrected  snout,  Rhingia.) 

Stkphl-s 

29.  Dorsum  of  thorax  with  a  median  cinereous  line.      Mesookapta 
Dorsum  without  such  line. 80 

80.  Eyes  of  male  with  an  area  of  enlarged  facets  above ;  fourth  seg- 

ment of  abdomen  with  two  median  yellow  stripes  and  an  ob- 
lique side  spot Alloouapta 

Eyes  of  male  not  with  an  area  of  enlarged  facets  above ;  fourth 
abdominal  segment  not  so  marked.         ....        31 

81.  Face  projecting  below ;  slender  species.  Sph.£Bopuoria 
Face  receding ;  abdomen  oval,  at  least  not  slender. 

Xanthoorahma 

32.  Abdomen  oval,  black,  basal  portion  light-colored ;  thickly  pilose 

species. Leccozona 

Thinly  pilose  species,  not  so  marked.         ....        33 


NoHTii  Ameril-am  Diptkra. 


•1 


Hi].  Hind  fi'inorn  tlik-koned. 84 

Ilinil  femora  alontler. 87 

;I4.  Si»ecU»ii  wholly  or  chiffly  rcMldUh  or  lutencent.  .    .'W 

Black  species,  soinetimea  with   luteous  spots  on  face,  humeri, 

basal  angles  of  ab<lomeii,  etc -ib 

:)6.  8cutellum  unusually  large,  nearly  square  in  outline;  males 

(Uchoptic Chat  ""M  VIA 

Seutellum  not  unusually  large,  considerably  broader  at  the  base; 
males  holoptic Mtiolepta 

iiO.  Face  carinate  ;  abdomen  oval Braohyopa 

Face  produced,  obtusely  tuberculato.  Hammerbohmidtia 

37.  Epistoma  produced  into  a  long  porrected  snout.     .         Rhihoia 
Epistoma  not  at  all  produced Chiloria 

08.  Third  longitudinal  vein  bent  deeply  into  the  first  posterior 

cell 40 

Third  vein  not  deeply  bent  into  the  first  posterior  cell ;  antennae 
elongate 30. 

30.  Arista  feathery  plumose Volucella 

Arista  very  densely  plumose,  appearing  like  a  solid  mass. 

COPEBTYLUM 

40.  Hind  femora  with  sharp  tooth-like  projection  below  near  the 

outer  end ;  large  species Milebia 

Hind  femora  without  tooth-like  projection  below.  .    41 

41.  Frontal  triangle  of  male  strongly  protuberant.      Douosyrphub 
Frontal  triangle  not  protuberant 42 

42.  Thorax  with  distinct  yellow  markings ;  femora  thickened ;  hy- 

popygium  large Pteroptila 

Thorax  without  distinct  yellow  markings;  hind  femora  occa- 
sionally thickened ;  hypopygium  not  prominent.      Ebibtalib 

43.  Arista  plumose 44 

Arista  bare  or  pubescent 46 

44.  Thinly  pilose,  abdomen  with  yellow  bands.  Sericomyia 
Thickly  pilose,  abdomen  without  yellow.      .        .    Arctophila 

46.  Third  longitudinal  vein  bent  deeply  into  the  first  posterior  cell  •, 

hind  femora  thickened 46 

Third  vein  only  gently  curved 61 

40.  Face  with  a  sharp  longitudinal  ridge  in  the  middle ;  hind  fem- 
ora with  an  angular  protuberance  below  near  outer  end. 

Tropidia 


8Si  Familibs  aitd'Gbnbba  of 

Face  tuberculate  or  arched,  not  carinate.  .47 

47.  Thorax  and  scutellum  very  densely  pollinosc  above. 

I*TERALLA8TE8 

Scutellum  not  densely  poIUnose  above 48 

48.  Third  joint  of  antennas  broad,  thorax  not  vittate.  .    49 
Third  joint  oval ;  thorax  usually  vittate  above.        Helophilub 

49.  Thickly  pilose Mallota 

Thinly  pilose .        50 

60.  Hind  tibiae  of  male  with  an  internal  median  spur. 

Teuchocnehis 
Hind  tibiae  of  male  not  with  an  internal  median  spur.  Polydonta 

61.  Hind  femora  thickened,  with  a  bifid  spur  below  on  outer  end. 

Stenooabter 
Hind  femora  not  with  a  bifid  spur  below 62 

62.  Slender  species,  abdomen  narrowed  on  basal  portion.     Baccha 
Abdomen  in  no  wise  club-shaped  or  narrowed  basally.     .        63 

58.  Thorax  with  distinct  yellow  markings  other  than  on  the  hu- 
meri.          62 

Thorax  not  with  distinct  yellow  markings  other  than  rarely  on 
the  humeri 64 

64.  Face  transversely  arched  or  carinate,  not  produced,  not  tuber- 
culate ;  abdomen  more  or  less  elongate  and  nearly  bare.      66 
More  or  less  thickly  pilose  species,  often  large.         .        .        67 

56.  Hind  femora  extraordinarily  thickened ;  anterior  cross- vein  rec- 
tangular  Stritta 

Hind  femora  more  or  less  thickened ;  cross- vein  oblique.         66 

66.  Face  sharply  carinate Tropidia 

Face  trMiBversely  arched Xylota 

67.  Scutellum,  margin  of  the  thorax,  and  the  pleurae  with  bristly 

hairs Chrysochlamyb 

Thorax  wholly  without  bristles 68 

68.  Face  short,  not  produced,  concave  from  antennte  to  tip,  not  tu- 

berculate ;  hind  femora  thickened.         ....        69 
Face  produced,  long 60 

69.  Abdomen  elongate Braciiypalpus 

Abdomen  very  broad,  thorax  densely  pilose,  very  large  species . 

POCOTA 


North  Amehican  Diptera. 


63 


60.  Face  produced  forward,  pointed,  concave  from  antennae  to  tip, 

not  tuberculate,  sub-carinate ;  hind  femora  thickened. 

Crioprora 
Face  not  evenly  concave,  tuberculate  or  convex.      .  61 

61.  Third  joint  of  antennae  produced  above  into  a  conical  process, 

terminating  in  the  thickened  arista.    .  Mbrapioidbs 

Third  joint  of  antenne  o'bliquely  oval;  hind  femora  rarely 

thickened* Criorrhina 

62.  Hind  femora  with  a  conical,  tooth-like  protuberance  below,  near 

the  distal  end.  Spilomyia 

Hind  femora  without  such  protuberance.  ...        63 

63.  Antennae  inserted  low  down,  near  the  middle  of  the  head  in  pro- 

file ;  face  not  longer  than  the  front.  Tbmnostoha 

Antennie  situated  high  up,  on  a  conical  process,  front  short, 
face  much  produced  downward ;  antennae  long  or  short. 

Sphecomyia 

Lepidostola  Mik,  Wien.  Ent.  Zeit.  V.  278,  1886. 

(Lepidomyia  Loew,  Lepromyia  Will.) 
Hahmbrschhidtia  Schummel,  Oken's  Isis,  1834,  p.  740. 

(Exochila  Rond.,  Eugeniamyia  Will.) 
(For  descriptions  of  genera  and  species,  see  Williston,  Synopsis,  etc . 
Bull.  U.  S.  National  Museum  No.  31, 1886[7].) 


CONOPID^. 

Thinly  pilose  or  nearly  bare,  more  or  less  elongated  species. 
Head  broad ;  front  broad  in  both  sexes ;  ocelli  present  or  absent. 
Antennae  porrect,  composed  of  three  simple  joints,  the  third  with  a 
dorsal  arista  or  terminal  style  Oral  opening  large ;  proboscis  slen- 
der. Abdomen  more  or  less  elongated,  often  constricted  toward  the 
base.  Basal  cells  of  wing  usually  large,  the  third  (anal)  closed;  three 
posterior  cells,  the  first  closed  or  much  narrowed ;  no  spurious  vein. 

Flower  flies.  Larvae  parasitic  upon  hymenoptera  and  orthoptera. 
Pupae  enclosed  in  larval  skin  (cyclorrhapha). 

1.  Antennae  with  a  terminal  style ;  proboscis  directed  forward,  with- 
out medium  hinge ;  abdomen  constricted  toward  the  base.    2 


*  If  thinly  pilose,  with  the  abdomen  nearly  bare,  and  the  hind  femora 
thickened, see  X 7 lota  tuberans. 


54 


Families  and  Genera  of 


Antennn  with  a  dor«aI  or  subdorsal  arista 4 

2.  Face  with  a  median  ridge,  without  Ji.-8haped  grooves. 

©Tropidomyia  Will. 
Face  with  a  well-marked  Ji.-8haped  groove 3 

3.  Femora  and  tibiae  not  thickened  or  dilated,  or,  if  so,  the  thicken- 

ing regular ;  small  cross- vein  of  the  wings  nearly  opposite  the 
tip  of  the  auxiliary  vein,  and  near  the  middle  of  the  discal 

cell. CoNOPS 

Femora  irregularly  thickened  toward  the  base,  the  tibide  with 
irregular  outlines ;  stnall  cross- vein  of  wings  near  the  outer 
third  of  discal  cell.     .        .        .        .        .        Phybocbphala 

4.  Proboscis  directed  forward,  not  bent  near  the  middle.        Zodion 
Proboscis  bent  near  the  middle,  the  distal  part  folding  back.      5 

6.  Vertex  with  bristles ;  tibiae  spurred ;  face  carinate,  not  grooved ; 

ovipositor  of  female  very  long.  .  Stylooastbr 

Vertex  and  tibiae  without  bristles ;  face  with  j(^- shaped  groove.  6 

6.  Anal  cell  short ;  ovipositor  elongate  and  folded  beneath  the  ab- 
domen  Dalmankia 

Anal  cell  elongate,  acute 7 

7    Cheeks  not  as  broad  as  the  vertical  diameter  of  the  eye. 

Onoomyia 
Cheeks  as  broad  or  broader  than  the  vertical  diameter  of  the  eye . 

Myopa 

CoNOPS  Linne,  Fauna  Suecica,  p.  1797,  1761. 

Physocephala  Schiner,  Wien.  Ent.  Monatschr.  V,  1861. 

Zodion  Latreille,  Precis  etc.  1796. 

Onoomyia  Robineau  Desvoidy,  Dipt,  des  Env.  de  Paris,  Myopaires, 

69,  1863. 
Myopa  Fabricius,  Syst.  Entom.  798,  1776. 

Dalmannia  Robineau  Desvoidy,  Essai  sur  les  Myodaires,  248,  \^iO. 
Stylooaster  Macquart,  Hist.  Nat.  des  Dipt.  II,  38,  18Ji5. 

[For  description  of  species,  see  Williston,  Trans.  Connecticut 

Acad.  VI,  377.] 


PIPUNCULID^. 

Small,  thinly  pilose  or  nearly  bare  species.  Head  nearly  spheri- 
cal, broader  than  the  thorax,  composed  chiefly  of  the  very  large 
eyes.    Eyes  in  the  male  contiguous,  front  in  the  female  narrow. 


North  Axbricak  Dipteka. 


66 


Antennie  small,  short,  three- jointed,  the  third  joint  oval  or  reniform, 
with  a  dorMl  arista.  Face  small,  narrow.  I^roboscis  small.  Hypo- 
pygium  thickened,  clubbed ;  ovipositor  usually  elongate  and  folded 
under  the  abdomen.  Basal  cells  of  wing  well  developed,  the  third 
elongate;  one  submarginal,  three  posterior  cells  present ;  first  pos- 
terior  cell  narrowed  in  the  margin.  Pipumcclub 

The  flies  are  met  with  on  flowers  or  in  sweepings,  and  are  readily 
distinguished  by  their  large  spherical  head.  Larvae  parasitic ;  pupte 
obtected. 


PLATYPEZIl)^.. 

Head  hemispherical  or  spherical,  as  broad  or  broader  than  the 
thorax.  Face  usually  broad  and  short.  Antennae  porrect,  three- 
jointed,  the  third  somewhat  elongate,  circular,  pear-shaped  or  coni- 
cal, with  a  terminal  arista.  Proboscis  short,  but  little  prominent. 
Eyes  bare,  contiguous  in  the  male ;  ocelli  present.  Abdomen  com- 
paratively short ;  genitalia  projecting  in  Callomyia.  Legs  short 
and  strong ;  hind  legs  often  thickened,  especially  the  tarsi ;  pulvilli 
present.  Basal  cells  of  wing  small,  the  anal  usually  reaching  to  the 
margin ;  tliird  longitudinal  vein  simple,  the  fourth  sometimes  fur- 
cate ;  discal  cell  sometimes  wantuig.'  Small  flies. 

1.  Discal  cell  present 2 

■  Discal  cell  wanting 8 

2.  Fourth  longitudinal  vein  simple Callomyia 

Fourth  vein  furcate. Plattpbza 

3.  Fourth  vein  simple Platyoneha 

Fourth  vein  furcate *>  Opbtia  Meiq. 


Callomyia  Meigen,  Klassif.  1804. 
Platypeza  Meigen,  lUigcr's  Mag.  1803. 
Platycnkma  Zetterstedt,  Dipt.  Scand.  I,  1842. 


(KSTRID^. 

Moderately  large  to  large,  plump,  thickly  or  thinly  pilose  flies. 
Head  large;  face  and  front  broad.  Antennae  small,  three- jointed, 
more  or  less  concealed  in  a  subantennal  cavity  or  grooves ;  first  two 


M 


FAMILIEt  AMD  GbXKXA  OF 


joints  very  short,  the  third  round  or  oval,  with  a  dorsal  arista. 
Mouth  opening  small,  the  mouth  parts  small  or  rudimentary.  Eyes 
comparatively  small,  bare.  Ocelli  present.  Abdomen  never  elon- 
gate ;  hypopygium  concealed ;  ovipositor  often  projecting.  Legs 
moderately  strong,  the  hind  pair  sometimes  elongate.  Tegulse  usu- 
ally large,  concealing  the  halteres;  sometimes  small,  and  long 
ciliate.  Wings  usually  with  fine  transverse  wrinkles;  third  vein 
simple ;  first  posterior  cell  fully  or  narrowly  open,  or  closed  and 
petiolate;  basal  cells  small;  discal  cell  sometimes  wanting;  the 
posterior  part  of  the  wings  broadly  unsupported  by  veins. 

Bot  flies,  parasitic  in  the  larval  stage  in  the  skin,  stomach,  frontal 
or  pharyngeal  cavities  of  perrisodactyls,  artiodactyls,  rodents,  ele- 
phant, monkeys,  etc.  Each  species  is  parasitic  in  the  same  way, 
and,  as  a  rule,  on  the  same  species  of  mammal ;  and  allied  species 
usually  have  similar  habits,  on  allied  animals.  The  occurrence  of 
bot-flies  on  other  than  mammals  needs  veriflcation.  Pupal  stage 
passed  in  the  ground. 

1.  First  posterior  cell  wide  open,  the  fourth  vein  running  straight 

to  the  border  of  the  wing.    (Horses.)  Gabtrophilcs 

First  posterior  cell  narrowed  or  closed,  the  fourth  vein  distinctly 

bent  forward 2 

2.  First  posterior  cell  closed  and  petiolate.    (Sheep.)  .        Oestrus 
First  posterior  cell  narrowly  open. .3 

3.  Arista  plumose  on  the  upper  side.    (Rodents.)         .  Cuterebra 
Arista  bare ;  pilose  species 4 

4.  Subantennal  grooves  separated  by  a  median  ridge,  terminiAing  in 

a  shield-shape  surface  below,  limited  on  each  side  by  a  slen- 
der g^roove  running  to  the  oral  margin 5 

Subantennal  grooves  continuous  to  the  oral  margin,  feebly  sepa- 
rated from  each  other.    (Deer.)         .  Cbphbnomyia 

5.  Palpi  present.    (Reindeer.)   .....    Oedbmaoena 
Palpi  wanting.    (Oxen,  etc.)    ....  Hypoderma 


Gastrophilus  Leach,  1817. 
Hypoderma  Clark,  Essay  on  Bots,  1816. 
Obdbmaqbva  Latreille,  Fam.  Nat.  1826. 
Obstrus  Linne,  Fauna  Succica,  1761. 
Cephenomyia  Latreille,  Fam.  Nat.  1826. 
CuTBRBBRA  Clark,  Essay  on  Bots,  1816. 


North  Aiikricax'1)iitkra. 


67 


n 


M  U  8  C  I  I)  ^. 

The  very  large  family  of  Musctdie  has  been  divided  into  numerous 
aubdivisionH,  which  by  some  entomologists  are  accredited  with  fam- 
ily rank.  The  number  and  limits  of  these  suli-families,  are  more  or 
less  the  subjects  of  diverse  opinion  by  dipterologists.  The  follow- 
ing characters  will  apply  to  the  family  in  its  entirety :  Antennas 
three  jointed,  the  third  joint  simple,  usually  round  or  oval,  with  dor- 
sal arista.  Proboscis  always  present,  usually  short,  with  dilated 
labella,  sometimes  elongate  and  adapted  for  piercing.  Auxiliary 
vein  sometimes  entirely  wanting,  sometimes  coalescent  with  the 
first  longitudinal  vein;  one  submarginal,  three  posterior  cells 
present ;  basal  cells  small,  the  second  sometimes  coalescent  with  the 
discal,  the  latter  sometimes  absent ;  pulvilli  present ;  empodia  never 
developed  pulvilliform. 

The  flies  are  often  small,  or  minute,  usually  more  or  less  bristly, 
and  not  often  much  pilose.  The  larvae  are  very  variable  in  their 
habits ;  pupae  always  enclosed  in  the  larval  skin. 

Two  chief  divisions  are  recognized,  based  upon  the  size  of  the  teg- 
ulae,  the  Muscidae  calyptratae  and  acalyptratae.  In  the 
former  they  are  well  developed,  in  the  latter  small  or  rudimentary. 
All  the  families  of  the  former  (except  the  Anthomyidae)  have 
the  first  posterior  cell  either  closed  or  narrowly  open,  a  character 
rarely  found  in  the  second  division. 

Tfie  differential  characters  of  the  calyptratae  have  already  been 
given.  The  flies  have  hitherto  received  but  little  study  in  tliis 
country  and  it  is  at  present  impossible  to  give  a  table  of  the  genera 
that  would  be  of  much  value. 

For  the  Muscidae  acalyptratie  I  am  prepared  to  give  only  a 
translation,  with  some  modifications,  of  Schiner's  table  of  subfami- 
lies (Fauna  Austriaca),  with  a  reproduction  of  the  characters  given 
by  Loew  in  his  Monographs. 


MUSCIDiE   ACALYPTRATAE. 

1.  Auxiliary  vein  present,  distinctly  separated  from  the  first  longi- 
tudinal vein,  terminating  separately  in  the  costa ;  the  first 
longitudinal  vein  usually  terminates  at  or  beyond  the  middle 

of  the  wing 2 

Auxiliary  vein  absent,  rudimentary  or  incomplete ;  the  first  lon- 
gitudinal vein  usually  terminates  before  the  middle  of  the 
wing. 13 


68 


Familiss  anu  Gbmbra  or 


-   2.  Anterior  border  of  the  mouth  with  vibrissK.        ...        8 
Oral  vibrmm  not  present 7 

3.  The  distance  between  the  anterior  and  posterior  cross- veins  (on 

the  fourth  vein)  four  or  Ave  times  less  than  that  between  the 
posterior  cross- vein  and  the  posterior  margin  of  the  wing. 

Hktbroneuridjs 

The  distance  between  these  veins  but  little  less  or  greater  than 

that  to  the  hind  margin 4 

4.  Abdomen  elongate,  usually  cylindrical,  narrowed  at  the  base, 

behind  somewhat  decurved ;  male  genitalia  usually  clubbed, 

projecting  from  the  abdomen. 5 

Abdomen  comparatively  short  and  rather  broad,  never  cylindri- 
cal, or  narrowed  at  the  base ;  male  genitalia  but  little  or  not 
projecting;  wings  large 6 

6.  Front  on  the  sides,  and  the  vertex,  with  long  bristles. 

CoRDVLUBIDi«     O 

Vertex,  only,  with  long  bristles;  body  always  shining  black. 

6.  Proboscis  horny,  shining ;  labella  usually  pointed ;  third  anten- 

nal  joint  elongate ;  males  often  woolly  pilose.  CobdtluridwK     O 
Proboscis  not  horny  or  shining;  third  antennal  joint  short  or 
round ;  males  never  woolly  pilose. 

Phycodrohidjb,  HelomtKida 

7.  Antennae  much  elongate,  and  porrect;  second  joint  as  long  or 

longer  than  the  third SciOMvziOiB 

Antennae  not  elongate,  or,  if  so,  decumbent ;  second  joint  always 
shorter  than  the  third 8 

8.  Two  posterior  basal  cells  very  small  and  indistinct. 

LoNOHiii:iD.«:,  Sapromyzid^k 
Posterior  basal  cells  large  and  very  distinct.        ...        9 

9.  Hind  tibiae  with  a  preapical  bristle.  .                         SciOMTZiDiS 
Hind  tibiae  without  preapical  bristle 10 

10.  Front  with  bristles  on  the  sides ;  the  auxiliary  vein  terminates 

steeply  in  the  costa. Trtpbtida 

Front  bristly  only  on  the  vertex  or  upper  part ;  the  auxiliary 
vein  terminates  acutely  in  the  costa 11 

11.  Legs  elongate,  often  very  long;  abdomen  slender  and  long, 

nearly  cylindrical,  often  narrowed,  or  pedicellate  at  base.    12 
Legs  not  elongate ;  abdomen  never  narrowed  at  base.  OsTALiDiB 


o 


o 


North  Amkrican  Diptkma.  ,     W 

12.  First  posterior  cell  much  narrowed  in  the  margin.  MiCROPBXiDiC 
First  posterior  cell  but  little  or  not  at  all  narrowed  in  the  margin. 

Skpsid^h 

13.  Hind  metatarsi  shorter  than  the  following  joint  and  much  thick- 

ened  BORBORIDJB   0 

Hind  metatarsi  longer  than  the  following  joint  and  not  more 
thickened 14 

14.  Second  basal  cell  united  with  the  discal  cell ;  posterior  cross- 

vein  present 16 

Second  basal  and  discal  cells  distinct,  or,  if  united,  the  posterior 
cross-veins  wanting 18 

16.  Legs  long  and  slender ;  abdomen  elongate  and  narrow. 

MlCROPBZID.« 

Legs  moderately  long  and  usually  rather  strong;  abdomen  ovate, 
or  elongate  elliptical 16 

16.  Front  without  bristles,  or,  at  most,  bristly  at  the  top ;  third  joint 

of  antennae  rounded,  or,  if  elongate,  the  head  triangular  in 

profile. Obcinida  ^ 

Front  bristly  at  least  as  far  as  the  middle ;  third  antennal  joint 
elongate,  oval,  or  rounded ;  head  not  triangular  in  profile.  17 

17.  Face  large ;  mouth  opening  large ;  anal  cell  wanting. 

£PHTDRID.«   _ 

Face  not  large  and  arched ;  anal  cell  present.       DROSOPHiLiDiB 

18.  Oral  vibrissse  present. ^^ 

No  vibrissas  on  oral  margin 22 

10.  Front  bristly  at  the  vertex  only,  or  not  at  all.  .  8«p«i»*  fUt-Zi  .^i.i.«r-/«:^»- 

Front  bristly  at  least  as  far  as  the  middle.         ...        20 

20.  Posterior  cross- vein  before  the  middle  of  the  wing,  approxi-*. 

mated  to  the  anterior  cross-vein.  .                        Aoromyzid^s  |  — 
Posterior  cross-vein  at  or  beyond  the  middle  of  the  wing,  some- 
times absent 21 

21.  Arista  long  plumose  or  pectinated.       Asteid^,  Drosophilid.s<    — 
Arista  shortly  and  thickly  plumose,  or  pubescent,  or  bare, 

GBOMYZID.fi    O 

22.  Anal  cell  of  considerable  size  and  distinct.        ...        28 
Anal  cell  small  and  indistinct 24 

23.  Front  bristly Thypbtid.«     ^ 

Front  bare,  or  bristly  at  the  vertex  only.  ..         PsiLiDiE 


00 


FAMILIKn   AND  (iKNKRA  OF 


23.  Silvery  white  or  whitish  gray  specie^  witli  unspottc*!  witifi^g;       J 

posterior  cr«»s8-vein  wanting.  PnTTOMTZinjE      1^  '  ^ 

Reddish   yellow  or  brownish    red   species,   often  with  spotted 
wings OroMYZii)^ 


C  o  R  u  Y  L  r  It  I  D  ^. 

Neuration  of  the  wings  complete ;  both  posterior  basal  colls  of 
considerable  size ;  auxiliaiy  vein  well  separated  from  the  first  longi- 
tudinal vein ;  first  longitiniinal  vein  bare.  Whole  lateral  border  of 
the  front  bristly ;  anterior  border  of  the  mouth  with  strung,  usually 
numerous  vibrissae.     Tibiae  with  spurs. 

HELOMYZIDiG. 

Neuration  of  the  wing^  complete ;  costa  bristly ;  first  longitudinal 
vein  not  abbreviated,  but  bare ;  the  auxiliary  vein  is  often  rather 
approximated  to  it.  Front  bristly  on  its  upper  half  only ;  a  stout 
bristle  at  each  side  of  the  anterior  border  of  the  mouth.  All  the 
tibiae  with  spurs  and  outwards  before  their  tips  with  a  more  or  less 
developed  erect  bristle. 

SCIOMYZID*. 

Neuration  of  the  wings  complete ;  two  posterior  basal  cells  of 
rather  considerable  size ;  auxiliary  vein  well  separated  from  the  first 
longitudinal  vein.  On  the  lateral  border  of  the  front  before  the 
vertical  bristles  there  are  two  bristles,  one  behind  the  other ;  face 
proportionately  long  without  distinct  furrows  for  the  antennas ;  bor- 
der of  the  mouth  sharp,  without  vibrissae.  Middle  tibiae  with  a 
greater  number  of  bristles  at  the  tip ;  all  the  tibiae  on  the  outside 
before  the  tip  with  a  small  erect  bristle 

P  s  I L I  u  ^:. 

Body  elongated,  with  short  hairs  and  almost  without  bristles. 
Neuration  of  the  wings  complete ;  the  auxiliary  vein  lies  close  by 
the  first  longitudinal  vein,  but  diverges  from  it  at  its  end  and  runs 
towards  the  border  of  the  wing ;  by  a  transverse  fold  most  charac- 
teristic in  this  family  running  from  the  tip  of  the  auxiliary  vein  as 
far  as  the  base  of  the  third  posterior  cell,  the  outward  end  of  the 
auxiliary  vein  is  obliterated ;  the  posterior  basal  cells  are  very  large. 
Front  with  only  a  few  bristles  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  crown  ; 
face  receding ;  opening  of  the  mouth  small  and  with  no  bristles  at 
its  border.  Only  the  middle  tibiae  have  spurs,  and  all  the  tibiae  are 
without  erect  bristle  on  the  outside. 

MiC  ROPEZID.£. 

Body  slender,  elongated,  with  very  short  hairs  and  very  scarce 
bristles.  Legs  proportionately  short;  only  the  middle  tibiie  have 
spurs,  these  being  generally  very  small  and  weak ;  no  small  erect 
bristle  on  the  exterior  side  of  the  tibiae.     Neuration  of  the  wings 


NoKTii  Amkhican  Diptkra. 


tfl 


JH^> 


t-nnipleto ;  first  lontdtudinal  vein  bare ;  the  auxiliary  vein  is  Terjr 
clo8i'  by  it  and  diverKrs  from  it  towards  its  end  only ;  the  two  pot- 
ti'rior  basal  cells  are  very  lar^e.  Front  with  some  bristles  in  the 
neiKbborliood  of  the  crown  only ;  bordering  of  the  mouth  without 
vibrissie.  t^st  sesment  of  the  abdomen  of  the  female  prolonged 
into  a  blunt,  cylindrical  tube. 

Onrxhivx. 

Neuration  of  the  wings  complete;  auxiliary  vein  separated  from 
the  first  longitudinal  vein  and  running  to  the  border  of  the  wing  in 
the  usual  way,  under  an  acute  angle  and  remaining  perfectly  dis- 
tinct in  its  whole  length ;  third  longitudinal  vein  generally  with 
coarse  hairs ;  two  posterior  basal  cells  large,  and  the  outward  one 
frequently  prolonged  in  an  acute  angle.  Front  with  bristles  on  the 
upper  part  only ;  no  vibrissse  at  the  border  of  the  mouth ;  clypeus 
commonly  ver^  much  developed,  and  proboscis  often  very  much 
thickenea.  Middle  tibiae  alone  with  snurs ;  no  tibiae  with  an  erect 
bristle  on  the  exterior  side  before  the  tip.  Ovipositor  of  the  female 
rather  flattened  and  homy,  consisting  of  three  elongated  segments, 
forming  three  drawers  like  those  of  a  telescope,  and  ending  in  a 
simple  point. 

Trypetidjb. 
Neuration  complete ;  the  end  of  the  auxiliary  vein  runs  steeply  to 
^he  border  of  the  wing  and  becomes  obsolete ;  first  longitudinal  vein 
aiways  with  bristles,  the  third  frequently,  the  fifth  sometimes ;  two 
posterior  basal  cells  rather  large,  the  hindmost  is  often  prolonged  to 
a  point.  Front  on  each  side  with  two  rows  of  bristles,  one  of  which 
is  more  above  and  interiorly,  the  other  below  and  exteriorly.  Bor- 
der of  the  mouth  with  no  vibrissae.  Clypeus  none  or  rudimentary. 
Proboscis  never  incrassated.  Only  the  middle  tibiae  with  spurs ;  all 
tibi«e  without  erect  bristle  on  the  outer  side  before  the  tip.  Ovipos- 
itor horny,  consisting  of  three  elongated  retractile  segments  like  the 
drawers  of  a  telescope,  the  last  of  which  ends  in  a  simple  point. 

LOMCH^ID^. 

Neuration  complete ;  the  auxiliary  vein  runs  to  the  border  of  the 
wing  in  the  usual  way,  under  an  acute  angle  and  without  becoming 
obsolete,  and  is  verv  near  to  the  first  longitudinal  vein ;  this  vein  is 
bare ;  the  two  posterior  basal  cells  are  small.  Front  at  each  side 
with  a  single  row  of  bristles ;  border  of  the  mouth  without  vibrissae ; 
clypeus  rudimentary.  Middle  tibiae  with  spurp;  all  tibiae  without 
erect  bristle  on  the  exterior  side  before  the  tip.  The  ovipositor  of 
the  female  consists  of  three  joints  and  is  rather  horny,  quite  flatten- 
ed, and  ends  in  a  simple  point. 

SAFROHYZIDiG. 

Neuration  complete ;  auxiliary  vein  of  the  usual  structure,  fre- 
quently very  much  approximated  to  the  first  longitudinal  vein ;  costa 
of  the  wings  without  bristles  or  marginal  spine ;  longitudinal  veins 
without  peculiar  hairs ;  posterior  basal  cells  small.    Front  with  a 


Familib*  and  Gknkba  or 


■ingle  row  of  briitlet  on  each  tide ;  no  vibrisss  on  the  bonier  of  the 
mouth ;  djrpeui  rather  rudimentary.  Only  the  middle  tibi»  hare 
terminal  ipurt ;  all  tibi«  with  a  snuill  erect  bristle  on  the  exterior 
aide  before  the  end.    Oripotitor  of  the  female  not  homy. 

Phtcoobomidx. 
Thorax,  scuttfllum  and  abdomen  flat ;  picune  excised  aliove  the 
coxsB.  Front  bristly ;  border  of  the  mouth  hairy,  with  no  distinct 
TibrisssB.  Legs  stout,  tibisB  with  spurs  and  each  with  an  erect  hair 
or  small  bristle  on  the  outside  before  the  tip ;  the  first  Joint  of  the 
posterior  tarsi  not  abbreviated ;  last  joint  of  all  tarsi  enlarged,  with 
stout  claws  and  long  pulrilli.  Neuration  of  the  wings  complete ; 
auxiliary  rein  distinct  in  its  whole  length ;  costa  without  bristles ; 
basal  cells  not  small. 

HBTBBONBURIDifS. 

Neuration  of  the  wings  complete,  but  the  first  longitudinal  rein 
rather  short,  and  the  auxiliary  rein  rery  much  approximated  to  it ; 
costa  without  bristles ;  basal  cells  small.  Front  with  long  bristles ; 
border  of  the  mouth  with  a  ribrissa  at  each  side ;  clypeus  not  derel- 
oped ;  palpi  broad  and  proportionately  large.  Legs,  and  especially 
the  tarsi,  slender ;  middle  and  posterior  tarsi  with  spurs ;  all  the 
tiblsB  without  erect  bristle  on  the  exterior  side  before  the  tip ;  claws 
and  pulrilli  rery  small. 

OPOMYZIDiC:. 

Front  with  stout  bristles  abore ;  clypeus  rudimentary ;  border  of 
the  mouth  either  pubescent  or  with  long  hairs,  the  foremost  of  which 
sometimes  forms  a  distinct  ribrissa.  Proboscis  short ;  palpi  rather 
small.  Middle  tibiss  with  a  distinct,  posterior  tibiae  with  a  rery 
short  spur;  the  exterior  side  of  the  tibisB  without  erect  small  bristle 
before  the  tip ;  claws  and  pulrilli  small.  Wings  elongated  and  nar- 
row, with  uo  bristles  on  the  costa ;  the  axillary  incision  and  alulae 
are  either  wanting  or  rery  diminutire.  First  longitudinal  rein  much 
abbreriated ;  the  auxiliary  rein  becomes  obsolete  before  reaching 
comi>letely  the  first  longitudinal  rein ;  the  latter  emits,  shortlr  be- 
fore its  end,  towards  the  costa,  a  branch,  which  may  be  considered 
as  the  end  of  the  auxiliary  rein ;  basal  cells  small. 

S  B  P  S  I  D  iB. 

Head  rounded ;  front  bristly ;  border  Sf  the  mouth  more  or  less 
hairy,  the  foremost  hair  often  imitating  a  ribrissa ;  clypeus  rudi- 
mentary; proboscis  short;  palpi  erceedingly  small  or  wanting. 
Abdomen  tapering  towards  the  base.  Middle  tibiae  with  distinct 
■purs ;  claws  and  pulrilli  small.  Neuration  of  the  wings  complete ; 
the  auxiliary  rein  distinctly  separated  from  the  first  longitudinal 
rein ;  the  two  posterior  basal  cells  rather  large. 

DlOPSID^. 

Neuration  of  the  wings  incomplete  from  the  absence  of  the  fore- 
most of  the  two  small  basal  cells ;  the  auxiliary  rein  rery  much 


NoBTH  Ambkican  Diptrba. 


nppmxinmtpd  to  the  lint  longitudinal  rein.  Head  prolonged  in  two 
lateral  apophysee  bearing  the  eyei ;  front  bristly  only  on  the  upper 
part ;  border  of  the  mouth  with  no  vibrituB.  Anterior  femora  In- 
eraatated. 

PlOPHILIDA. 

The  auxiliary  rein,  on  ita  whole  length,  is  coalescent  with  the 
flrat  longitudinal  vein;  with  this  exception  the  neuration  of  the 
wings  is  complete.  Front  with  some  small  bristles  above  only ;  bor- 
der of  the  mouth  with  a  vibrissa  on  each  side ;  clypeus  rudimentary ; 
legs  rather  stout,  almost  of  the  structure  of  those  of  the  Scioin  v- 
zidie;  middle  tibiae  with  spurs;  all  the  tibiae  without  erect  bristle 
on  the  exterior  side  before  the  tip. 

EPHTDRIDiB. 

Face  convex,  with  no  distinct  furrows  for  the  reception  of  the 
antenne  and  without  vibrissae,  though  frequently  beset  with  hairs  or 
bristles ;  clypeus  verv  much  developed ;  opening  of  the  mouth  large ; 
proboscis  incrassated  with  a  swollen  chin.  Neuration  of  the  wings 
mcomplete ;  the  auxiliary  vein  distinct  only  at  its  base ;  the  fore- 
most of  the  two  small  basal  cells  reunited  with  the  discal  cell.  Mid- 
dle tibiae  with  spurs. 

GEOMTZIDiB. 

Front  with  stout  bristles  above ;  border  of  the  mouth  with  vibris- 
sae. Clypeus  rudimentary.  Middle  tibiae  with  spurs;  all  the  tibie 
with  a  small  erect  hair  on  the  exterior  side  before  the  tip.  Wings 
with  bristles  on  the  costa ;  first  longitudinal  vein  exceedingly  abbre- 
viated, and  the  auxiliary  vein  so  approximated  to  it  that  it  is  dis- 
tinctly separated  from  it  only  towards  the  base ;  the  two  posterior 
basal  cells  very  small. 

Drobophilidje. 

Front  with  bristles  above ;  face  with  distinct  sub-antennal  furrows ; 
at  the  border  of  the  mouth  there  is  a  feeble,  frequently  rather  indis- 
tinct small  vibrissa.  Middle  tibiae  with  very  feeble  spurs ;  on  the 
exterior  side  of  the  tibiae  there  is  either  a  very  small  or  no  erect 
bristle  before  the  tip.  Wings  without  bristles  on  the  costa;  the  first 
longitudinal  vein  is  exceedingly  abbreviated ;  of  the  auxiliary  vein 
there  is  onl^  a  rudiment ;  the  discal  cell  is  usually,  but  not  in  all 
genera,  united  with  the  foremost  of  the  two  small  basal  cells. 
Claws  and  pulvilli  very  small. 

OsCINIDiB. 

Front  without  bristles,  the  crown  having  only  a  few  short  ones ; 
border  of  the  mouth  without  vibrissae,  which,  however,  are  repre- 
sented sometimes  by  a  small  hair  on  each  side.  Middle  tibiae  with 
small  spurs ;  all  the  tibiae  without  erect  bristle  on  the  exterior  side 
before  the  tip.  Costa  of  the  wings  without  bristles.  The  auxiliary 
vein  is  completely  wanting ;  the  anterior  of  the  two  small  basal  cells 
is  united  with  the  discal  cell,  the  posterior  one  is  totally  wanting. 


04 


Familikk  AMU  Gknkiia  ot- 


: 


A  M  K  O  M  Y  Z  I  I*  «. 

Front  witli  atmiiK  bristloa ;  bonliT  of  the  mouth  with  n  vihristii 
on  uach  aide.  Midi! Ic  ti bias  with  a  tfrniinMl  aiiiir;  ail  tht' tihiw  on 
thu  exterior  aiijo  without  erect  bristle  before  the  tip.  Win^a  with- 
out briatlea  on  the  uosta;  firat  lonKituilinal  vein  very  aliort,  an*i  tlie 
auxiliary  vein  connected  with  it  at  the  tip ;  baaal  cella  exiating,  but 
aniall ;  t)ojiluiQr.traQ(ri:n£J[cin  generally  far  distant  from  the  bor- 
der of  tlie  wing.  /^v v-v .  >,  / 

P  H  Y  T  O  M  Y  Z  I  l>  iV. 

Front  briatly ;  border  of  the  mouth  with  vibriaaae  on  each  aide. 
Middle  tibiae  with  apura ;  all  the  tibiae  without  erect  briatle  on  the 
exterior  aide.  Winga  without  briatlea  on  the  coata ;  flrat  longitudi- 
nal vein  very  abort ;  auxiliary  vein  connected  with  it  at  the  tip ; 
baaal  cella  exiating,  but  amall ;  poatcrior  tranaverae  vein  wantin|f. 

Abtkium. 

Front  briatly  above ;  border  of  the  mouth  with  a  vibriaaa  at  each 
aide.  Middle  tibiae  with  apura ;  all  the  tibiae  without  erect  briatle  on 
the  exterior  aide.  Winga  without  briatlea  on  the  coata ;  flrat  longi- 
tudinal vein  exceedingly  abort;  auxiliary^  vein  connected  with  it 
only  at  the  tip ;  aecond  longitudinal  vein  very  abort ;  two  poaterior 
baaal  cella  aa  well  aa  the  poaterior  tranaverae  vein  wanting. 

BoRBORIDiK. 

Thorax,  scutellum,  and  abdomen  flat ;  front  briatly ;  face  exca- 
vated, with  a  vibriaaa  (m  each  aide  of  the  border  of  the  mouth ; 
clypeua  developed ;  flrat  joint  of  the  posterior  tarai  abbreviated. 
Neuration  of  the  wing  incomplete,  only  a  commencement  of  the 
auxiliary  vein  being  at  best  visible ;  the  hindmost  two  baaal  cells 
are  not  complete  in  all  genera. 


PHORID^:. 

Small,  hunchback-like,  nearly  bare  species.  Head  small,  flatten- 
ed ;  face  very  short,  oral  opening  large.  Front  broad  in  both  sexes  ; 
ocelli  present.  Antennae  apparently  one  or  two-jointed,  the  termi- 
nal joint  round,  with  a  dorsal  of  apical  bristle.  Abdomen  rather 
short,  narrowed  posteriorly ;  genitalia  of  male  often  prominent,  in 
the  female  projecting.  Coxae  elongate,  the  femora  more  or  less,  the 
hind  pair  often  extraordinarily,  widened  and  flattened.  Wings 
large;  on  the  anterior  part  with  two  strong  veins,  not  reaching  be- 
yond the  middle,  from  which  from  three  to  Ave  weak  veins  appa- 
rently arise  and  run  across  the  wing. 

The  larvae  feed  upon  living  or  dead  snails,  beetles,  hy menoptera  and 
lepidoptera,  or  on  fungi,  decaying  vegetables,  etc.  The  flies  have  a 
peculiar  hunchback  appearance,  rapidly  running  hither  and  thither. 

) 


North  Ambkicam  Diftbba. 


a. 


Front  entirely  withont  bristles OrMworiMMU 

Front  with  long  briitiet S 

Middle  tibia  betet  with  brietlei  along  the  outer  side.    Tbinbitba 
Middle  tibis  with  a  few  or  no  briatlet  on  the  outer  tide.     Phoba 


Tbinbuba  Meigen,  liliger't  Magai.  1803. 
Gtmnophoba  Mavquart,  Hiit.  Nat.  Dipt.  1886. 
Phoba  I^atreilie,  Hiet.  Nat.  det  Crust,  etc.  1804. 


HIPPOB08CID-S. 

Head  depressed,  flattened,  closely  attached  to  the  emarginate 
thorax.  iVntenna  inserted  in  depression  near  the  oral  margin,  ap- 
parently one- jointed,  with  a  terminal  bristle  or  style.  Face  short. 
Kyes  small ;  ocelli  present  or  absent.  Thorax  depressed,  flattened, 
leathery,  with  a  well-marked  transrerse  suture.  Scuteilum  broad 
and  short.  Abdomen  oval,  flattened,  homy  abore.  Legs  short  and 
strong,  broadly  separated  by  the  sternum,  the  femora  dilated ;  tarsi 
short  and  broad,  the  first  joint  of  the  four  anterior,  or  of  all,  abbre- 
viated; claws  strong  and  well  developed,  often  toothed  below. 
Wings  sometimes  absent ;  when  present,  with  variable  neuration, 
the  veins  on  the  front  part  usually  strong,  and  those  posteriorly 
weak. 

The  flies  are  parasitic  in  their  adult  stage  upon  mammalf  and 
birds ;  the  immature  stages  are  completed  within  the  body  of  the 
female,  the  large  puparium  being  extruded  only  a  little  before  the 
time  for  the  mature  fly  to  emerge. 

1.  Wings  wholly  wanting. Mblophaods 

Wings  present,  functional,  or  rudimentary.  ...        2 

2.  Claws  below  with  three  teeth ;  ocelli  present.  Orkithoiitia 
Claws  with  two  teeth ;  ocelli  usually  wanting.      ...        8 

8.  Wings  rudimentary,  or,  if  present,  with  weak  and  indistinct 

veins. Lifoptbka 

Wings  large,  the  veins  in  front  strong 4 

4.  The  furcation  of  the  second  and  third  veins  at  or  beyond  the 

middle  of  the  wing Hippobobca 

The  furcation  of  the  second  and  third  veins  takes  place  near  the 
base  of  the  wing. Olfbrsia 

Olpbrsia  Wiedemann,  Auss.  Zweifl.  Ins.  II,  18S0. 


I  i 

if  1 


66 


Vauiumb  ANit  Gbnkra  op 


Obnithomyu  I^treille,  Hist.  Nat.  des  Crust,  etc.  XIV,  IH04. 
LiPOPTKNA  Nitsch,  Germ.  Mag  f.  Ent.  Ill,  1818. 
MBLOPHAOD8  Tjatreille,  Hist.  Nat.  dcs  Crust,  etc.  XIV,  18(>4. 
Hii'POBOsoA,  Linne,  Fauna  Hueeica,  1761. 


NYCTKRIBIDiK. 

Wingless,  pupiparous  flies,  parasitic  upon  bats  in  tlie  adult  stage. 
Head  small,  eyeless,  folding  bace  into  a  groove  on  the  dorsum  of 
the  thorax.    Legs  long,  spider-like ;  claws  well  developed. 

•  Nyctkhibia. 

Ntotbribia  Latreille,  Hist.  Nat.  des  Crust,  etc.,  XIV,  1804. 


NoKTH  Amkrican  Diptrra. 


m 


B  I  B  I.  1  O  G  R  A  P  H  Y  .* 


1878—1888. 


II  of 

BIA. 


1  Bi4ioT,  J.  F.  M.   Dipt.  nuuv.  etc.,  An.  Sov.  Rnt.  Fr.  1878, 81-48,313- 
236,  401-446.    [XII.  Phumosia  scapulata,  35,  iris,  36,  Mex.: 


\  2 

>  4 

H 

\  5 


sia  eupoda,  234;  Aphestia  ninn'a  2.36;  Atomosia  soror,  236; 
Cerotainia  nigra,  diibia,  238;  Pogonosoma  arachnoides, 
239,  all  Mex.:  Dasypogon  bilimbatus,  411  (Callinicua  cal- 
caneum  L.);  f|iinHriniitatiiflj  412,  Calif.:  Seilopogon  rubigi- 
nosus,  410,  N.  A.:  Stenopogon  albibasis,  422,  f  Jtnarna  pi<»- 
tlta^-aigf  417,  Calif.:  Aniaipogon  vespoides,  senilis,  Calif. 
423 ;  Trielis  notata  (Taracticus  sexnotatus  Say ),  433,  N.  A.; 
Hnlnpngnn  nitic^iyftiitriH,  437,  ?  APPftniiifiHlatllH,  438:  Lfijb. 
t;npattar  pfiftpiilqriw.  444-  all  Calif.:  Microstylum  fulvigaster, 
410 ;  Stenopogon  f  uscolimbatus,  421 ;  Ceraturgus  genicula- 
tus,  443,  all  Mexico.] 

Bulletin  Soc.  Entom.  de  France,  1879  [MeRAFioiDUSt  villosus, 
64,  Georgia:  Sackbnimyia,  for  Pangonia  analis  Fabr.] 


Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1879,  86. 
eura  clausa  O.  S.] 


[Parasymmictdb,  for  Hirmon- 


Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1879,  164,  [Note  on  Arthropeas,  Glutops, 
etc.] 

Dipt.  nouv.  etc.,  XVI,  Annates  Soc.  Ent.  France,  1870,  183- 
236.  [Xylophagidae,  Strationwidse.  Macrocbroxyb  (Sub- 
ula)  fulviventris,  187,  Mex.:  Ccenomyia  cinereibarbis,  194, 
Baltimore:  Opiacantha  iimbata   196, Mex.:  Dialysis  ^Trip 


totricha)  dinpar.   197,   Calif.:    Herraetia  nigrifacies,  200, 
Mex.:  EuDarvphuB  niarer.  206,  Calif.:  Stratiomyia  dentata 
210,  |ai-erftta.  211    Cnlif.;  Exochostoma  (Odontomyia)  cat 
oceps,  217,  Colo.:  '•^'rfllfl  "'ff'-ihnrhip  224,  Calif.;  splendens, 
224,  Mex.:  Chrysonotus  flavopilosus  227,  Mex.:  Merosargus 
fraternus;  228,  calceolatus,  229,  Mex.:  Ptecticus  flaviceps, 
230,  Mexico.;  Hermetia  ftavoscutata,  201,  Mex.:  Macrosar- 
gUB    smargdiferus.   226,  Mex.      Note  on    Laphyctis,  and 
Laphystia,  236.] 


*  Only  papers  oontaiulng  descriptions,  synonyms,  or  distribution,  ara 
inolnded. 
t  New  genera  are  pi  luted  in  small  capitals. 


•WP" 


T 


68 


Familibr  and  Gbhbra  or 


6  Bigot,  J.  F.  M.    Bull.   Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1880,    6  [Mboalomyia 

argyropasta,  Panama:   Aoanthomera  rubriventris,  Gau- 
temala.  ] 

7  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1880,  e2  [Phyllomydas  phylloceras.  Rocky 

Mt8.,  KifopLKHpi^  mira.  Calif.:  Megacytarus  argenteus, 
Colorado.] 

8  Dipt  nouT.  etc.«  An.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1880,  213-230  [new  species 

of  Eristalia;  see  Williston,  SynopsisJ,  369-376  [notes,  with 
generic  synopsis,  Tabanidie;  no  new  species.] 


\     0 


10 


11 


12 


13 


14 


\    16 


16 


1    17 


18 


10 


90 


Dipt.  nouv.  etc.  An.  Soc.   Ent.  Fr.    1881,   13-21.     [Notes; 
Parasymxictub  ;  generic  synopsis  of  Nemistrinidae.J 


[Notes  and 
Ent.  Fr.  1882,  78.    [Edrhinomallota  metallica, 


Dipt.  nouT.  etc.  An.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1881,  272-274. 
Corrections.] 

Bull.  Soc. 

Mex.] 

Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  1882,  112.  [Myelaphus  melas,  Enoplefnpin 
cinerea.  Calif.] 

Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1882.  [Doliosyrphus  scutellatus,  hir- 
tipes,  Panama:  Asbmosyrphub  oculiferus,  nigroscutatus, 
flavicaudatus,  bicolor,  Mex.:  Romaluosyrphub  villosus, 
Mex.;  see  Williston,  Synopsis.]     • 

Dipt.  nouv.  etc.  An.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1882,  6-22.  [Anthomyidae; 
notes,  table  of  genera.] 

Dipt.  nouT.  etc..  An.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1882,  463-460.  [Notes ; 
Mboalomyia  argyropasta,  466,  Panama ;  rubriventris,  466, 
Guatemala ;  synoptic  table  of  species  of  Acanthomeridae.] 

Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1883,  36.  [Probobcihyia  siphonina, 
Rocky  Mts.] 

Dipteres  nouv  ou  peu  connus.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1883,  61-88. 
[Notes:  table  of  sp.  of  Volucella  and  Phalachromyia:  four 
new  sp.;  see  Williston,  Synopsis.  ] 

Dipt.  nouv.  on  peu  connus.  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1888,  221-268. 
Syrphidae:  notes;  table  of  genera.]  Ibid.  1882,316-366. 
[Thirty-flve  new  sp.  of  Svrphida).]     Ibid.  1884,  7'i-116. 

^-'  jThirty-three  new  species  of  Syrphidffi.]  Ibid.  1884, 636-660. 
]Twenty-one  new  species  of  Syrphidae  J  Ibid.  1886, 247-262, 
'Melanostoma  cyaneocincta,  261,  Mex.:  Ocyptamus  fenes- 
tratus,  261,  Mex.]    See  Williston,  Synopsis. 


Bull.  Soc 
Mex.] 

Bull.  Soc.  Eat.  Fr.  1884, 06, 
inidae,  Mex.  ] 


Ent.  1884,  42.     [Cholomyia  inaequipes.     Dexidae, 
[Ancyologastbb  armata,  Tach- 


NOKTH   AMBKIOAH   DirTKBA.  W 

\X  ai  BiooT.  J.  F.  M.  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1885.  [Rhamphiniha  dubU, 
SlPHOMIOMYlA  melM,  l)e'<(idB,  Mvx.;  HnnnnMmiA  niflP*i 
I)exid»,  CalifornU:  SxinroiiYiA  longiuornis,  Ortalidie, 
Mex.:  DiMOKFHOMTiA  ciilli]  horides,  Tacliinidie,  Mex.] 


22 


25 

26 
27 

28 


)/^W 


ReT.  d'Entomologie.  1885, 25&-26e. 
notes ;  synoptic  table  of  genera.] 


[Dexids»,  Sarcophagidie; 


Dipt.  nouT.  etc.  An.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1885,  225-246.  [Pupipara ; 
notes,  table  of  genera ;  Olfersia  impressa.  237,  Calif.;  sor- 
dida,  239,  Guatemala :  Omithomyia  nitens,  241,  Panama; 
haitiensis,  242,  Hayti :  Nycteribia  mexicana,  246,  Mex.] 


Dipt.  nouT.  ou  peu  connus;  Annalea  Soc.  Ent.  France, 
1885,  263-304.  [Proboacimtia  siphonina,  267,  Rockr 
Mountains:  Limnophora  limbata,  271,  normata,  272,  rufi- 
pes,  272,  anthrax,  274,  Mexico :  Hydrophorla  ?  pictipes, 
275,  calopus,  275,  Mexico ;  nigricauda,  276,  Rocky  Mts.: 
Ghortophila  spinipes,  279,  Rocky  Mts.:  Trichopticus  crena- 
tU8,  281,  Mex.:  Homalomyia  mexicana,  284,  Mex.;  dentata, 
281,  rupecula,  285,  Rocky  Mts.:  Spilogaster  plumifera,  288, 
CubaYiulya.  289,  Wash.  Terr.;  fulviventriii.  291,  Calif.: 
Antnumyia  monticola,  297,  anthracina,  298,  Rocky  Mts.; 
o«ulifera,  299,  Baltimore:  Hvlemvia  flavicaudata.  299, 
Wash.  Terr.;  Diflyta  bicolor,  802,  Mex.] 

Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1886.  p.  CIII.  fllHAwnoHK^i^PHnB  miM. 
Calif.] 

Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1886,  CLXVH.     [Note  on  Megalemyia.] 


Dipt.  nouT.  etc.  XXXVIl,  Soc.  Ent.  Fr  1886,  2^-302.     [S. 


noptic  table  of  Tanypezidie,  wifa  notes;  no  new  species 


T 


Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1887,  LX.  [Notes  on  Thereneniyia  and 
Epibates.] 

Dipt.  nouv.    etc.  1887,  17-46,  203-208.     [Table  of  species 
of  Loxocera :   Stratiomyidte  and    Conopidie :    Oplacantha 
annulifera,  21,  Ga.:  Stratiomyia  diademata,  23,  Ga.,  Colo 
calopus,  23,  Colo.;  nevadae,  24,  Nevada;  simplex,  24,  Tex 
Colo.:    (Montomyia    pyrrhostoma ;   25,  hoodiana,  25,  Mt 
H(H)d :  Chrysochlora  quadrilineata,  26,  Cuba :  Sargus  punc- 
tifer,  27,  Colo.:  _picticomis.  27,  Wash.  Terr.;  palTipes,  28, 
Mt.  Hood ;  saphireus,  287Cuba    Myochrisa  coerulia,  29,  N. 
Amer.:  Nemotelus  tristisj  Calif..  Gfenera  of  Conopidse,  30 
Conops  nigrimanus,  38,  oehreiceps,  39,  Georgia;  nigrifa 
ceis,  40,  earbonarius,  42,  Mex.:  Zodion  triste,,  203.  Calif, 
flavipennis,  204,  xebrinum,  205,  Mex.;  Glossigona  rubida 
206,  Colo.;  maculifrons,  206,  Nevada :  Gonorhynchus  cas 
taneus,  207,  Nev.] 


70 


Families  ahd  Gbhbra  or 


/  80  BiooT,  J.  F.  M.  Dipt.  nouv.  etc.  Bull.  S<)c.  Zool.  de  France,  XII, 
1887.  [Leptidn.  Synoptic  table  of  genera:  Chrysopila  flavi- 
da,  Canad.;  tomentosa,  Colo.;  ^tnt^racina.  Calif.;  testaceipei* 
Wash.  Terr.:  Leptipalpus  limbipcnnis,  Rocky  l^s.;  stig- 
matias,  Cuba;  obscunpennis,  Rocky  Mts.;  vertebratus, 
Hayti :  Symphoromyia  latipalpis,  Rocky  Mts.;  picticomis, 
Wash.  Terr.;  trivittata,  Colo.;  fulyipes.  atripes.  Oregon; 
comata.  Calif..  Leptis  inaculifera,  alhi^arhin,  Wash.  Terr.; 
pruinosa,  hoodiaju*  Oregon;  Atherix  pachypua.  Wash. 
Terr.:  Clinocera  maculipes.  (yalifTl 

\  SI  Dipt.  nouT.  etc.,  Bull.  Soc.  Zool.  France,  XII,  1887,  687-617. 
[MuscidsB.  Notes,  synoptic  tabia  of  genera.  Ni^llia  glab- 
ricula.  604,  Calif.:  PoUenia  obscura,  697,  N.  A.:  Somomyia 
rudgena,  608,  N.  A.;  iridicolor,  690,  Cuba;  rectinervis, 
600,  Rocky  Mts.;  xanthorhina,  602,  Mex.;  rupicola,  603, 
Rocky  Mts.:  Musca  flavipennis,  606,  Rocky  Mts.;  atrifrons, 
607,  Cuba,  Mex.:  Curtoneura  fulvipes,  613,  vittigera, 
013,  Mex.;  anthomydea,  616,  Rocky  Mts.;  pallidicomis,  614, 
callimers,  616,  Mex.;  nigriceps,  016,  Mex.:  Pyrellia  obscu- 
ripes,  Mex.] 

"^  32  Dipt.  nouv.  etc.  An.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1886,  860-392.  [Micrope- 
lidsB:  Tbtradisous  pictus,  Rocky  Mts.;  notatus,  Mex.; 
Nerius  plurivittatus,  372;  flavifrons,  372,  Mex.:  Calobata 
caiiichroma,  3/3,  calocephala,  376,  Mex.:  Taeniaptera  cal- 
losoma,  370,  pallidipennis,  380,  ornatipes,  380,  Mex.:  Gral- 
lomyia  calloptera,  81,  Mex.:  Megamerina  fulvida,  384, 
Mex.:  Cephalia  '  raaculipennis,  386,  Rocky  Mts.;  ?  fulxk 
cornis.  386,  Calif.:  Otlnntnmftm.  ?  *«tftfltti  386,  Wash.  Terr. 
Mlcropeza  obscura,  387,  Mex.:  Enicopus  1  fuscus,  388, 
Mex.:  Nemopoda  fulvicollis,  390,  aterrima.  390,  Calif.; 
cubensis.  ^M.  Cuba :  obscunpennis.  392,  Calif.] 

Note  Bur  la  Synopsis  of  the  North  American  Syrphidae  par  Mr> 
S.  W.  Williston.    Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1887,  CXXI-CXXIU. 

34  Bbroboth,  E.  Ueber  einige  nordamerikanische  Tipuliden. 
Wien.  Ent.  Zeit.  VII,  103-201, 1888.  [Dicranomyia  venusta, 
104,  Sitka :  Molophilus  colonus,  196,  falcatus,  196,  paulus, 
196,  Sitka:  Gonomyia  galactoptera,  196,  Sitka;  Tricho- 
phona  septentrionalis,  199,  Sitka :  |*achvrhii^(t  Wiilpiana. 
200,  Calif.:  notes  on  seven  other  species.] 

36  Braubr,  Fbibdrich.     Versuch  einer  Characteristik  der  Gattun- 

Sen  der  Notacanthen,  etc.  Denschr.  d.  math.-naturw.  CI.  d. 
ais.  Alkad.  d.  Wissensch.  XLIV,  69-10,  1882.  [Synop- 
tic table  of  genera;  CvNiPiMORPitA  Bilimecki,  76,  Mex.: 
Myxosarous  fasciatus,  77,  Ilex.,  Carolina.] 

36  Systeinatische-zoologische  Studien.  Sitzenberichte  der  kais . 
Akad.  der  Wissenschaften,  XCI,  1  Abtheilung,  237-414, 
plate.  [Asilus  mydas;  161,  Mex.:  Calcbata.iehneuuionea, 
162,  both  figured.} 


\/33 


NoHTH  Ambhicak  Dii^kba. 


71 


t .' '" 


K  37  B1TROBH8,  EDWARf>.  UnJtetl  States  AKricultunil  Keport,  for 
1879,  pp.  201,  202.  [OHciiiU  trifolii,  201,  1).  C  :  malv», 
202,  D.  C] 

1/88  CoMHTocK,  J.  H.  United  States  Agricultural  Report,  for  1880. 
[Diplosis  eatalpte,  260,  larva  and  adult :  Drosophiiae,  100- 
202 ;  Sciara  oceilaris  (>.  S.  204.] 

39  CoqiriLLKTT,  D.   W.     Monograph  of  tlie   Lomatina  of  North 
America.    Canad.  Entom.  1880,  81-87.    [Tables :  Euckhhia 


40 


41 


42 


48 


rufapna,  Wi,  Calif.:  t^ptnchiluii  trai^yitim,  83,  Calif.;  ApRofr- 
tantUHJitiiB.  84,  hirsutus.  86,  vittatus.  80.  pavidus.  87.  Calif.] 

The  North  American  genera  of  Anthracina.  Canadian  En- 
tomologist, 1886,  167-169.  [Table  of  genera:  Vblocia 
(Hyperalonia)  cerberus  Fabr.,    168;   l^Awnf  a  nana,  169, 

Calif.] 

The  North  American  species  of  Toxophora.  Entom.  Amer. 
I,  221,  222,  1880.  [Table  of  species;  notes;  Tjxophora 
gellucida,  222,  maxima.  222,  Calif.] 

Notes  on  the  genus  Exoprosopa.  Canad.  Entom.,  XIX,  12- 
14,  1887.    lExopTATA  divisa.  13,  Calif.,  Ariz.] 

Monograph  of  the  species  belonging  to  the  genus  Anthrax 
from  America  north  of  Mexico.  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  So- 
ciety, XIV,  16fr-182,  1887.  [Table  of  species:  descrip- 
tions of  known  species ;  numerous  synonymical  notes : 
Anthrax  ( Dipalta)  junctura,  163,  Calif:;  (Dipalta)  Keenii, 
164,  Ariz.:  aeneaf  16o.  Calif.:  nebulOf  165,  Wash.  Terr.;  QOik 
cessor,  166,  Calif.;  Mcrcedis,  166,  ti^rhatit,  168.  Anna.  189, 
Bupina.  169,  inops.  169,  eudora,  169,  capiaea,  170,  Calif.; 
inaurata,  170,  Calif.,  Wash.  Terr.;  lauta,  171,  agrestist  171, 
campestris.  171,  atrata.  171,  Calif.;  miscella.  171.  Wash, 
"ferr..  Calif .:  scitula.  172.jrana.  173..aYtUfl.  173.  cautor.  176, 


^dnmbrata^  176.  perplexa.  176.  yigjlans,  170.  Cu!uisj[&,  177, 
Calif.;  impiger,  177,  "Ariz.;  dispar,  177,  Fla.;  plagosa,  378, 
Ariz.;  nugalflE,  178,  mira.  179,  Calif.;  WiUifllamL  181,  Cal., 
N.  M.,  Colo.;  efiErena,  l82,  arizonensis,  182,  otiosa  182, 
Ariz.] 

44  Dat,  Lorbn  T.  The  species  of  Odontomyia  found  in  the  United 
States,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc.  Philadelphia,  1882,  74-88. 
[Description  of  known  species;  Odontomyia  nigra,  76, 
Kans.;  flava,  76,  Wyo.;  pilosus.  76,  Calif.;  pubescens.  77, 
Calif.,  N.  Y.;  ampricana^  77,  Calif.;  bicolor.  78,  Oalif;  Willis- 
toni,  78,  N.  Y.;  extremig.  80,  Conn.,  Calif. 

46  Notes  on  Sciomyzidse  with  descriptions  of  new  species.  Ca- 
nadian Entomologist,  1881,  86-89.  [Notes;  Tetanocer^i 
pubes^ens.  86,  Wash.  Terr.;  montana,  87,  Wyo.;  hneata, 
88,  Conni;  Dryomyza  pallida,  89,  Conn.] 


7S 


Familibs  and  Obnbra  or 


II 


46  Ddobr,  ALrRBDO.     Adelopus  Copei,  Argas  Sanchoxl,  y  Ornito- 

myia  Vilkde.  La  Naturalcza,  (2)  I.  lH-21, 1887.  [Ornith- 
om^ia  Villade,  19,  paraHitiv  on  Buteo  calurua  and  B. 
Bairdii,  Mexico.] 

47  Ftlbs,  T  '^  .    Description  of  a  dipterous  paraaite  of  phylloxera 

vasti^irix.     Canad.  Kntom.  XIV,  237-239,  1882.    [IMplosit 

frassator.]    Ibid.   XV,  84.    [Cecidomyia  grassator,  teste 
[agen.] 

1/^  48  Haobn ,  Hbrman  A.  New  species  of  Simulium  with  a  remark- 
able Nympha  Case.  Proe.  Bost.  Sue.  Nat.  Hist.  XX.  306- 
907,  1879.     [Simulium  pictipes.] 

49  Karsch,  F.  Die  Spaltung  der  Diptem  Gattung  Systropus 
Wiedemann.  Zeitschr.  Berl.  Entomol.  Oessellsch.  064-O&8. 
[Cephenus  angulatus,  657,  infuscatus,  667,  Tex.;  imbecillus, 
668,  Ga.] 

'  60  Kbbk,  E.  L.  List  of  Diptera  taken  in  the  vicinity  of  Philadel- 
phia, from  1882  to  1884,  inclaaiTe.  Canad.  Entom.,  XVII, 
61-66, 1886. 

^     61        List  of  Syrphidae  taken  in  Fairmount  Park,  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
during  the  summer.    Canad.  Entom.  XVI,  146-147,  1884. 

62  LoBW,  Hbrmann.  Table  for  determining  the  North  American 
species  of  the  Genus  Pachyrhina.  Verb.  Zool.-Bot. 
Gesellsch.  1879,  613-616.  [Introductory  note  by  C.  R. 
Osten  Sacken.] 

68  Neue  nordamerikanische  Ephydrinen.  Zeitsch.  f.  d.  Gesamm- 
ten  Naturwissenachaften,  LI,  192-203,  1878.  Notiphila 
macrochaeta,  192,  Texas;  avia,  198,  Hudson's  Bay  Terr.; 
ery throcera,  194,  Cuba :  Paralimna  decipiens,  196,  Texas : 
Psilopa  aeneo-nigra,  196,  pulchripes,  197,  Texas;  atri- 
mana,  D.  C,  Texas :  Athyroglossa  glaphyropus,  197,  Texas : 
Pelina  truncatula,  198,  Texas :  Parydra  pinguis,  199,  D.  C, 
Texas;  unituberculata,  230,  D.  C.;  imitans,  201,  Mass.; 
limpidipennis,  201,  D.  C.;  appendiculata,  202,  Texas. 

VX64  Maktbh,  Johk.  New  Tabanidae.  Can.  Entom.  XV,  110-112 
[Tabanus  Allyni,  110,  N.  C;  Therioplecticus  tetricus,  HI, 
Frenohii,  111,  susurrus.  111,  Mont.] 

"^  66  Mik,  Jobbf.  Dipterologische  Miscellen.  Wien.  Ent.  Zeit.  V, 
276-279, 1886.  [Lbpidostola,  nom.  nov.  for  Lepidomyia 
Loew,  278.] 

N  66  OsTBif  Sackbn,  Charles  Robbrt  v.  Die  Tanyderina,  eine 
merkwuerdige  Gruppe  der  Tipuliden.  Verb.  Zool.-Bot. 
Gesellsch.      1879,    617-622.      [References    to    American 

species.] 


NoBTH  Amkrican  Diptbsa. 


78 


\  r>7  MiK,  JoHKF.  Ui'ber  «IU>  ArtrechU' von  Trochobola  caBsarca  O.  8. 
und  Cyrtopouoii  Meyer- Duerii  Mik.  [Discuoseg  the  species 
of  TrocholMHa.] 

'  >*)H  HypocliarasHiiB  gladiator,  eine  iieiie  nolichopoden-Art  aus 
Nordamerika.  Verli.  Zool.  Bot.  GeselUch.  1878,  617-032, 
pi.  X.     [Genus  new,  p.  617.] 

'>P        Dipterologisehe  Bemerkungen.     Verh.  Zool.  Bot.  Gesellsch. 

f  XSaa,  182-192.     [Drosophila  uvarum  Rond.  the  same  as  D. 

ainpelophila   Loew :  remarks  on   Sviara   ocellaris  Comst. 

(().  S.)] 

«M>  OsTKN  Sacken,  C  R.  V  PrioritsBt  oder  Continuitset  ?  Wien. 
Ent.  Zeit.  I,  191-193,  1882  [Refers  to  a  number  of  pre- 
occupied genera  occurring  in  N.  A.] 

HI  On  Professor  Braucr's  papej':  Versueh  einer  Characteristik 
der  Gattungen  der  Notacandien,  1882.  Berl.  Ent.  Zeitschr. 
XXVI,  1882,  363-380.  [Numerous  important  notes  on 
generic  characters.     See  117] 

\  62  ( >n  the  genus  Apiocera.  Bert.  Ent.  Zeitschr.  XXVII,  287- 
294,  1883.  [Discusses  the  characters,  locating  the  genus 
with  the  Asiiinae :  synopsis  of  the  known  species.] 

\  (H3  Syuonymica  concerning  exotic  dipterology.  No.  II,  Berl. 
Ent.  Zeitschr.  XXVII,  296-298,  1883.  [Dialysis  Bigot, 
Hermetia  chrysopila,  synonyms ;  Alloohosta  for  the  N.  A. 
species  of  Metoponia,  297.] 

\  (U  A  singular  North  American  fly.  Berl.  Ent.  Zeitschr.  XXVII, 
299,  300,  1883.  [Opsebius  pterodontinus,  Tex.  This  sp. 
also  occurs  in  Canada.] 

\  66  Facts  concerning  the  importation  or  non-importation  of  Dip- 
tera  in  distant  countries.  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.  1884,  489- 
496:  ^Eristalis  tenax,  Sarcophaga  carnaria,  Fsilopus  pal- 
lens,  Syrphus  pyrastri.] 

66  Correction  to  my  article  on  Apiocera.  Berl.  Ent.  Zeitschr. 
XXX,  139,  1886.  [The  neuration  of  Philippi's  type  of  A. 
bvevicornis  is  like  that  of  other  Apiocerse,  notwithstanding 
ti\e  figure.] 

^  67  Studies  on  Tipulidae.  Part  I.  Review  of  the  published 
genera  of  the  Tipulidae  longipalpi.     Berl.  Entom.  Zeitschr. 

XXX,  153-188.  [Valuable  discussions  and  descriptions  of 
the  known  genera,  synopsis  of  Ctenophorse,  etc.:  Bracht- 
PREMNA,  for  Tip.  dispellens  Walk,  et  alia.] 

V  68  Studies  on  Tipulidae.  Part  II.  Review  of  the  published 
genera  of  the  Tipulidae  brevipalpi.     Berl.  Ent.  Zeitschr. 

XXXI,  163-242.  [A  similar  discussion  on  the  Tip.  brevi- 
palpi :  notes  on  Rondani's  and  Bigot's  classifications,  with 
synonymy  ;  addenda  and  corrigenda  to  Part  I.] 


;=T 


74  Families  and  (Iknkra  or 

OsTKH  Saokkn,  C.  R.  v. 
09  Biologia  Ccntrali-Americana,  Diptera.  pp.  1-210,  plates  Mil, 
1880,  1887.  [A  ino8t  valuable  work,  containinK  a  review 
or  lists  of  the  described  diiitera  of  Central  America,  with 
notes,  synonvniB,  analytical  tables,  etc.  Numerous  species 
are  described,  but  not  named :  Teucolabis  molesta,  0,  gra- 
cilis, 7,  Mex.:  Patropesa  (iraeusta,  8,  Mex.:  Kpiphragma 
circinata,  Q,  Costa  Rica ;  Eriocera  mesoxantha,  10,  zimata, 
10,  haemorrlioa,  11,  Mex.;  erythnea,  II,  Guatem,;  gracilis, 
12,  pretiosa,  12,  Mex.;  lessepsi,  13,  Panama:  Tipula 
virgo,  14,  Mex.:  Pachyrrhina  ordinaria,  10,  Mex.;  con 
sularis,  17,  Costa  R.,  Nicar.,  Venez.;  usta,  17,  Costa  R.; 
Tanyprkmna  opilio,  19,  Guatem.:  Oi.biooahticu  (Rhyphi- 
dae)  20,  cognatus,  21,  Costa  R.:  Subula  elongata,  22,  Gua- 
tem.: Sargus  concinnus,  23,  Guatem.:  Ptecticus  flglinus, 
21,  Guatem.:  Rhaphiocera  pampinus,  25,  Panama ;  calop- 
tera,  20,  Mex.:  Hcrmetia  crabro,  29,  Guatem.;  relicta  :j(), 
formica,  32,  pterocausta,  33,  Panainii ;  Cyphomyia  andro- 
gyna,  34,  Panama:  Aochlbtus  (Stratiomyidie),  38,  cinc- 
tus,  38,  Mex.:  Euparyphus  tricolor,  40,  ?  decemmaculatus, 
40,  Mex.:  Acanthina  argentea,  41,  Costa  R.:  Pangonia  py- 
rausta, 43,  Panama;  caustica, 44,  Mex.:  Chrysopsaiti vagus, 
46,  Mex.;  tanycerus,  40,  Costa  R.:  Diclisa  misera,  47,  Guatem.: 
Tabanus  ebrius,  49,  Costa  R.,  Panama ;  erebus,  50,  Nicar., 
Panama;  corone,  51,  Guatem.;  bifenestratus,  52,  cribelluin, 
52,  Mex.;  chionostigma,  54,  Guatem.;  venenatus,  54,  Guatem., 
Panama:  liliachicerus  bellus,  02,  Panama:  Acantliomera 
championi,  07,  Mex.:  Leptomidas  sponsor,  08,  Guatem.; 
brach^rhynchus,  09,  Mex.:  -Midas  decor,  71,  Panama; 
chrysites,  72,  cleptes,  72,  Mex.:  Hirmoneura  psilotes,  74, 
Mex.:  Exoprosopa  rhea,  83,  limbipennis,  84,  Mex.;  procne, 
85,  Guatem.,  rostrifera,  80,  filia,  80,  socia,  87,  pardus, 
88,  Mex.:  Hyperalonia  dido,  91,  Mex.;  latreillei,  93,  Mex.; 
Guatem.,  Panam  i :  Stohtx  ( Exoprosopa)  94,  ulelia,  95, 
Mex.:  IsopKNTHBS  (near  Hemipenthes),  90,  Jaannickeana, 
97,  Mex.:  Argyramceba  seriepunctata,  103,  daphne,  104, 
Mex.:  AsTROPHANES  (near  Anthrax)  lO'l,  adonis,  107, 
Mex.:  Lbpidanthrax  (Anthrax),  107,,  ajumiuft,  111,  Calif., 
Mex.:  Anthrax  arethusa,  110,  Mex.,  Guatem.,  Costa  R.; 
pngi'ilngi^Htfr  118,  Calif.  Mex.;  selene,  122,  Mex.;  galathea, 
123,  Costa  R.;  ephebus,  124,  cuniculus,  125,  Mex.;  consul, 
125,  Guatem.;  rex,  127,  Mex.;  lepidota,  130,  chimiera,  131, 
eumenes,  131,  scylla,  132,  Mex.;  (Hyalanthrax)  faustina, 
130,  (id.)  sabina,  137,  (id.)  moneta,  138,  (id.)  livia,  139, 
(id.)  agrippina,  139,  Mex :  Epacmc8,  142 :  Aphosbantus 
Cyclops,  140,  Mex.;  ruttus,  147,  Texas;  f^fti^iirua.  148, 
Calif.;  bisulcus,  148  Mex.;  oaxituUUtUU,  149,  Washington 
Territory,  Kansas,  Mexico;  peodes,  149,  Mexico:  Pan- 
tarbes  pusio,  153,  Mex.;  willistoni,  153,  Ariz.:  Paracos- 
mus  morrisoni,  156,  Mex.:  Phthiria  consors,  155,  Mex.:  Sys- 
tropus  rogersi,  158,  Costa  R.;  cerdo,  158,  Panama ;  lugu- 
bris,  159,  ruflventris,  159,  Mex.:   Eclimus  1  auripilus,  101; 


NoHTH  Ambkican  Diptbra. 


n 


OSTKN  SaCKKN,  C.  U.  v. 

Mi^x.:  Thereva  bolb<x;cra,  162,  Mex.:  Ocnna  groasa,  168, 
CcMta  R.;  trtch(K>era,  164,  Panama :  Oticodea  humeralis,  164, 
Mex.:  Pialenidea  metallica,  166,  Guatem.:  Lasia  scribaB, 
166,  Guatem.:  Stichopogon  cntulus,  170,  Mex.:  Diogmiten 
memnon,  174,  Costa  K.,  Panama:  tau,  176,  Panama;  Sara- 
pogon  sen«x,  170,  Mex.:  Cophura  (near  Nieocies),  IHl, 
sodalis,  181,  Mex.:  Atomosia  mucida,  184,  Mf^x.:  Laphria 
numitor,  186,  Nicar.;  ichneumon,  186,  Guatem.:  Lampria 
aurifex,  187,  Mex.,  Costa  R.:  Mallophora  fautnx,  101,  Mex.: 
Promachus  forfex,  194,  Costa  R.;  anvepa,  104,  Panama; 
nobilis,  106,  Costa  R.:  Erax  triton,  200,  rapax,  204,  prolifl- 
cus,  2(Ki,  Mex.:  Proctacanthusexquisitus,  206,  Mex.:  Asilus 
chrysauges,  208,  Guatem.:  Neomoctherus  piebeius,  200, 
Me.x.:  Ommatius  peregrinus,  210,  Panama:  Atractia  mar- 
ginata,  212,  Nicar.:  Apiocera  augur,  212,  Mex.:  Dolichoput 
myosota,  213,  Mex.:  Empis  diaphorina,  216,  benigna,  216, 
Mex.;  pegasus,  216.] 

\  70  RiLBY,  C.  V.  Parasites  of  the  Cotton  Worm.  Can.  Entom.  XI, 
161,  162,  1870.  [Tachina  aletiae,  162.  1  Phorocera, 
1  Exorista.] 


71 


Dipterous  enemies  of  the  Phylloxera  vastatrix.  Can.  Ent. 
XV,  30.  [Criticism  of  Dip.  grassator  Fyles;  Leucopia 
phylloxerae  (Agromyzidae),  not  described.] 


V    t2 
^^73 


United  States   Agric.   Report  for   1886. 
Meig.  (pyrivora),  Conn.J 


[Diploaia  ?    nigra 


Buffalo  Gnats.  U.  S.  Agric.  Report  for  1886,  402-616,  pi. 
VII,  1887.  [Simulium  pecuarum,  612,  meridionale,  618, 
Southern  States.] 

"^  74  Beschreibung  einer  den  Birnen  schsedlichen  Gallmuecke 
( ?  Diplosis  nigra  Meig. )  Wien.  Ent.  Zeit.  VI,  201-206, 1887. 
[Diplosis  pyrivora — name  provisional — ^203.  adult,  larva, 
pupa.] 

^  76  HiEVKB,  V.  V.  Ueber  die  Zusammengehcerigkeit  der  beiden 
Arten  der  Gattung  Sphecomyia  Latreille.  Entom.  Nachr. 
1870,  96-08.     [Identity  and  synonymy.] 

\  76  Dipteren  von  der  Insel  Portorico.  Stett.  Ent.  Zeit.  1886, 
337-340.  [Megarrhina  portoricensis,  337 ;  Eriocera  trifas- 
ciata,  338;  Pelastoneurus  fasciatus,  341,  Ocyptamus  faa- 
ciatus,  342:  Tricopoda  flava,  343.  Ocyptera  atra,  344, 
minor,  344;  Exorista  tessellata,  346;  Frontina  rufifrons, 
346;  Micropeza  limbata,  347;  Nerius  cinereus,  348:  notes 
on  numerous  other  species.] 

I  77  Ueber  die  nordamerikanischen  Lomatina  von  Mr.  Coquillett 
in  dem  "Canadian  Entomologist."  Wien.  Ent.  Zeit.  V, 
263-266,  1886.     [Notes  and  comments.] 


76 


Familim  ani>  Genkiia  of 


78  R<KDKR,  V.  V.  Ut'lier  drel  niMU*  (iiittiinifi'ii  dor  NotAvantiieti. 
Knt.  Naohr.  XII,  187-140,  188((.  [Cont.,  inter  alia,  iiotv  on 
Myxnsargus.] 

^  79  Dinterolo((i8c)ie  Notizen.  Bi>rl.  Knt.  Zcitschr.  XXV,  21(>-2T((. 
[Et7RYrEPHAi.A  myopa'fortniB  (Ortalida-)*  212,  Calif.:  note 
on  Heinyda  (Ocyptera)  aurata  R.  Dt'BV.] 

'-  80  Asyndulum  montanum,  n.  spec.  Wien.  Knt.  Zeit.  VI,  116, 
1887.     (White  Mt8.) 

\  81  Ueber  eine  neuc  Art  der  Oattung  Gnoriste  Mg.  Wien.  Knt. 
Zeit.  VI,  165-166,  1887.  [Gnorlgto  nieutarrliina  (>.  S., 
White  Mt8.,  Yosemite  Valley.] 

82  Au8  der  Isis  von  Oken.  Published  by  the  Autlior.  1  p.  1888. 
[Excerpt,  with  synonymy  of  Hammerschmidtia  ferruginia 
Fallen.] 

^  88  Whitney,  C.  P.  Descriptions  of  some  new  species  of  Tabanida;. 
Canad.  Kntom.  XI,  86-38,  1879.  Chrysops  cuclux,  86,  N. 
H.;  nigribinibo,  36,  N.  H.;  cursim,  36,  N.  H.;  Tabanus  su- 
perjumentarius,  37,  N.  H.:  Dodgei,  37,  Nebr.;  sparus,  US, 
N-  H.  For  protest  against  the  use  of  these  names,  see 
Burgess,  same  vol.  p.  80.] 

\  84  WiLLisTON,  S.  W.  An  anomalous  Bombylid.  Can.  Entom.  1879, 
216-216.     (Anthrax  Willistoni  Coq.) 

86  Some  Interesting  new  Diptera.  Trans.  Conn.  Acad.  IV,  243- 
246,  1880.  RhYnchocenhalus  SackeniL  243,  Wash.  Terr.: 
Silvius  pollinosus,  244,  Kans. :  Chrysops  discalis,  245,  Wyo.] 

V^86  The  North  American  Species  of  Conops.  Trans.  Conn.  Acad" 
IV,  326-342.     [Monograph  of  the  genus :  Conops  obscuri- 

{»enai8,  328,  Va.,  S.  C.,  Ga.,  Mass.;  sylvosus,  329,  Mass., 
>>nn.;  Xanthopareus,  332,  Tex.,  Mass.;  furcillatus,  :336, 
White  Mts.;  Burgessi.  337,  Colo.,  Calif.;  texanus,  3iiS,  Tex.; 
afflnis,  339,  Kans.,  Cal.,  Wash.  Terr.] 

^  87  New  or  little  known  genera  of  North  American  Syrphidae. 
Can.  Kntom.  1882, 77-80.  FBrachym via  lupina.  77,  iiigrip**" 
78,  Calif.:  Hadromyia  grandis,  78,  Wash.  Terr.:  Brachvpal- 


v/88 


fs  pulcher.  79.  Or..  Wash.  Terr.:  Kuoeniamyia  rufa, 
ash.  Terr.     Superseded  by  No.  103.] 

North  American  Conopidae :  Stylogaster,  Dalmannia,  Onco- 
myia.  Trans.  Conn.  Acad.  VI,  87-94.  [Description  of 
genera  and  species :  Stylogaster  neglecta,  87,  Conn.:  Dal- 
mannia picta,  90,  N.  M.:  OncnniviR  mnflt.«tft^  06,  Wash. 
Terr.,  Calif.;  Baroni.  97,  Calif.,  Colo.] 


I 


■  'i. 


NitKTii  Amkhkan  Diftkka. 


77 


'^mi 


V^2 


H)3 
V   94 


m 


tX, 


m 


v/97 


ly, 


08 


Wii,Lii»T«»N,  S  W.  DiptiToiiB  iHfvw  from  thi»  Westt-rn  Alkaline 
LakcH  rihI  their  use  a*  HumHii  FimmI.  Trans,  (^onn.  Aead. 
VI,  tiH-m,  188.S.  [Habits  of  larvae;  flg.  uf  puparium; 
(lescr.  uf  Kphydra  ualifnrniea.] 

Contribution  to  a  Monoijrraph  of  the  North  American  Syrphi- 
tlw  Vntc.  Am.  I'hil.  Soe.  XX,  29»-*{2,  1882.  [Table  <.f 
genera,  notes,  deser.  of  23  new  species;  all  superseded  by 

No.  im.] 

The  North  American  species  of  Nemistrinidae.  Can.  Kntom. 
(itM2, 1888.  [Table  of  species  :  Rhynchocephalus  volaticus, 
71,  Fla.] 

On  the  North  American  Asilidae  ( Dasypogonina),  Lanhrinie), 
with  a  new  genus  of  Syrphidte.  Trans.  Amer.  Knt.  80c. 
XI,  l-m,  pis.  1,  II,  188:^.  [Table  of  genera;  notes; 
Mvelaphus  rufus.  7,  (;alif.:  Diftctria  .nitida.  8,  Sackejii.  8, 
Wash.  Terr.:  I'riclis  tagax,  9,  Calif.:  ?  IJabropogon  bllin- 
eatus.  11,  f^ftlif.  Cyrt^pngon  daHylloidoH,  1 1 ,  i>riynt»n^  12, 
Wash.  Terr.;  (lubiua,  18,  Or.;  ?  gibber,  14,  Calif.:  Nicocles 
abilominalis.  17,  Calif.;  rufus.  T8.  ?  scitulusr  19,  Wash. 
Terr.:  Lkbtomyia  fraiuligtra,  21,  Calif.:  1  Taracticus  brfc. 
vicornis.  22.  Wash.  Terr.:  Dasyllis  unicolor.  20,  WashT 
Terr.:  Hyperechia  atrox,  28,  Pa.:  Laphria  anthrax.  29, 
Calif.;  fero?L  29,  \uia2t,  80,  Wash.  Terr.;  canis,  81,  Conn.; 
xanthipBg,  81,  Or.;  pubesceng,  83,  Wash.  Terr.,  Or.:  Nau- 
HiOASTBR  punctulata,  34,  N.  M.] 

Ueber  Mallota  cimbiciformis  Fallen.  Berlin.  Entom.  Zeitschr. 
XXVII,  171,  172.     [Synonymy,  dimorphism.] 

Notes  on  Injurious  Insects :  Entomological  Laboratory,  Lan- 
sing, Mich.  By  Prof.  J.  A.  Cook,  1^.  [Scopolia  sequax, 
p.  5,  fig.  Mich.] 

Eine  merkwuerdige  neue  Syrphiden-Gattung.  Wien.  Ent. 
Zeit.  Ill,  186,  186,  1884.  [EirCEKATOMYiA  Pergandei,  1886, 
D.  C] 

On  the  classification  of  North  American  Diptera  (first  paper) , 
SyrphidsB.  Bull.  Brooklyn  Ent.  Soc.  VII,  129-139,  1885. 
[Table  of  genera,  superseded  by  No.  103.] 

On  the  classification  of  North  American  Diptera  (second 
paper).  Entom.  Amer.  I,  10-13.  [Definition  and  generic 
tables  of  Tabanidse  and  Leptidae:  notes:  Apatplestes 
cpmasisg,  12,  Calif.] 

On  the  classification  of  North  American  Diptera  (Third  pa- 
per.)  Entom.  Amer.  I,  114,  Sept.,  1886.  [Deflnition  and 
generic  tables  of  Xylophagidae  and  Stratiomyidse :  notes: 
ScoLioPELTA  luteipes,  White  Mts.] 


78 


Kamilibr  ani>  (iknioa  or 


I 


■    I 

•         '; 
i 


V^Ol 


v' 


102 


</f03 


l/OO  Wii,Li»T<»M,  S.  W.  North  AmfrieHii  Conopidie:  Concl union.  Tr. 
Conn.  Aead.  VI,  877-»l>4,  Plate  XLI,  lH8r>.  Completion 
of  nionoKCHpli  of  fHmily,  with  tnlileH  of  Ki'niTH  and  8|M><*ii'H : 
ConopH  Kracilis,  .H77,  Ariz.;  fninto,  H78,  Kans.;  Zodion  pie- 
tuliim,  Hin,  N.  M.;  loucoRtoina,  '-Mi,  KanH.,  Mont.,  Ariz.; 
iivtrmaBiim,  881,  Calif.,  Colo.:  Myopa  nietiiH-nnia.  882,  Ariz.. 
Calif.; ]»I5iuL.'W3,  Calif.;  pleU-ia,  384,  Ariz.] 

100  Nott>H  and  deHuriptiouH  of  North  American  XylonhuKido!  and 
Stratiomyidie.  Can.  Kntom.  1885,  121-128.  \}iotet*:  Xy- 
j»t.ha^i^fl  dfcoruii.  121,  Wash.  Terr.;  itraeilii*.  122,  Oregon, 
Wash.  Terr.:  SnhiiU  p»renn^  122,  Wash.  Terr.:  Maurosar- 
jtU8  flavi»,  123,  Va./N.  C:  I'teetifiia  Sackenii,  124,  Fla.; 
similis,  124,  Va.,  (la.:  Hermetia  Comstocki,  125,  Ariz.. 
K^pftryphuH  ornatufl,  126,  Wash.  Terr.:  Clitellaria  argen- 
tata,  127.  Ariz.] 

On  the  North  American  Asilidie  (Fart  H).  Trans.  Amcr. 
Rnt.  8oc.  XII,  53-70,  1885.  [Notes  on  Dasypogoninw ;  tahle 
of  Laphria;  gen.  and  sp.  tables  and  descr.  of  Asilinse,  excl. 
Asilus,  sens,  lat.:  Aphamartania  fur,  53,  Ariz.;  Lanhria 
XfUtcaiis,  55,  Calif.;  ruflcauda,  55,  San  Dom.:  Andrenosoma 
chalyl)ea,  56,  8an  I)om.;  Malltmhora  nigra,  58,  Minn.:  Guil- 
diana,  00,  Kans.,  Mont.,  N.  C.:  Pnimachus  princeDg.  62, 
Wash.  Terr.;  albifacies,  63,  Ariz.:  Krax  tagax,  o/),  Ariz.; 
jubatus,  66,  N.  M.;  latrunvulus,  67,  Ariz.,  Mont.;  furax 
(syn.  cinerascens),  61,  Wash.  Terr.,  Calif.,  Kans.,  Ariz., 
Conn.;  stamineus,  68,  Mont.;  jiuluiUr64,  68,  Wash.  Terr.; 
similis,  68,  Ariz.;  leucocomus,  60,  Kans.;  varipes,  71,  Ariz., 
Kans.:  Proctacanthus  rufus,  72,  N.  C,  Mass.] 

i  In  two  interesting  new  genera  of  Leptidae.  Entom.  Amer.  II. 
105-108,  1886.  [Notes  on  structural  characters:  Aonoto- 
MYiA  (Stygia)  elongata  Say,  106,  Conn.:  Artiiroueras,  107, 
polliuosum,  108,  Cal.  Col.J 

Dipterological  Notes  and  Descriptions.  Trans.  Amer.  Ent., 
Soc.  XIII,  287-307.  [Notes  and  descr.  Leptidae,  Asilidw, 
Midasidae,  Nemistrinidae,  Therevidte,  Cyrtidse,  Dolichopidse, 
IMpunculidte,  Muscidae,  sens,  lat.:  SvniDhoroniyia  pachyce- 
raSi.287,  Calif.;  plagfina.  287,  Wash.  Terr.,  Or."  Ceraturgus 
nigripes,  287.  GaTStenopogon  aeacidinus,  280,  Kans.:  Ato- 
mosia  (Atractia)  Mikii,  290,  San  Dom.:  Midas  scitulus, 
291,  Ariz.:  Ectyphus  linibatus,  292,  Ariz.:  Hirnioneura  fla- 
vipes,  292,  Fla.:  Thereva  crassicornia  (nom.  preoc.)  293, 


Calif.:  Acrocera  liturata.  294,   Wash    Terr.:    Pipunculus 

oniyia  aet 
Wash.  Terr.:  De^eania  hvgtrj''^'^  ^7,  Wawh.  Terr.,  N.  M., 


unaciu,  2S57~"Wa8' 


liturata. 
h.   Terr.: 


Hvaloniyi'^  "'MfiiY""*''''',  296, 


Ariz.:  Hystricia  soror,  298,  Ariz.:  Jurinia  (Fabricia)  hys- 
tricoides,  300,  Conn.,  D.  C,  Va.,  Ga.,  N.  M.,  Ariz.:  Echino- 
myia  (Peleteria)  Thomson!,  302  (T;.  flljp^lpia  Thom.), 
Wash.  Terr.,  Calif.,  N.  M.;  Gymnochaeta  vivida,  302,  rufl- 


NoHTM  Amkhm'an  Diitkiia. 


Tt 


WiLi-inTcm,  8.  W. 

I'orniM,  :MK2,  IViiiih.:  Ili'lvoisia  v.  t\.  Wiilpi,  HOii,  Hhii  Dnni.: 
HMunilcriia  maculata,  iMH,  N.  M.;  Meolor  .*m,  N.  M..  Arix., 
Calif.,  Wash.  Terr.:  Mklanopiihyh  ffavfiM'iiniM,  :HMI,  Wyo., 
Calif.] 


w^KM 


ior> 

v^OH 
v^07 


Hynnpsis  of  the  North  American  Svrphidiv.  Bull.  V,  S.  Nut. 
MuH.  No.  31.  18H0.  pp.  I-XX:^,  and  l-iWt,  pU  I-XII. 
[A  ni«>no(;rHph  of  tlie  genera  anil  HiiecieH  nortli  of  Mexico, 
witli  ilescriptionH  or  lists  of  those  in  Cenlnil  America  and 
West  Indies.  Supersedes  all  the  author's  previous  papers 
on  this  family.] 

North  American  Tachinldae.  Gonia.  Can.  Kntom.  1H87,  0. 
TNotes:  table  and  description  of  species:  Gonia  senilis, 
kans.;  porca,  Or.;  exul,  C(mn.,  Mass.,  N.  Y.;  sequax^  Calif.] 

Table  of  the  Families  of  Diptera.  Trans.  Kansas  Acad,  of 
Science,  X,  122-128,  1888. 

Notes  and  Descriptions  of  North  American  Tabanidw.  Trans^ 
Kans.  Acad,  of  Science,  X,  129-142,  1888.  [Notes  and 
descriptions  of  sixty-four  species ;  supplementary  tables  of 
species;  Pangiinia  fera.  130,  Or.;  dixix  VV),  Calif.:  Chr^L- 
sops  pcrtinax.  132,  Wash.  Terr.;  Frazarl,  I'iU),  San.  Doni.; 
sequax,  138,  Kans.;  pachycerft.  IM,  Calif.;  Taban^iw  npqimx. 


137,  Or.;  cftmastea.  137',  Wash.  Terr.,  Or.;  sodaiis,  139, 
Conn.;  fur,  139,  Fla.;  icatfilUu*  140,  Wash.  Terr.;  pygmasus, 
141,  Fla.;  parvulus,  141,  San  Dom.;  fenestra;  141,  San  Dom.] 

V  108  WooDwoRTH,  C.  W,     Gonia  senilis  Wllllston.    Psy*-''"*?.  V,  42, 
1888.     [Note  on  variation ;  Texas.] 

<  lOJ)  WiJLP,  F.  M.  V.  d.  Quelques  Dlpteres  Exoti^ues.  Comptes 
rendus  de  la  Soc.  Entom.  de  fielgique,  1884.  [Hystricia 
cyanelventris,  Guanaxuato.] 

\  110  Amerikaanische  Diptera.  Tijdschr.  voor  Entom.  XXIV, 
141-168,  pi  XV,  1881.  [Notes :  Trichonta  perspicua,  142 
(Mycetophilldffi),  Quebec:  Tlpula  retorta,  149,  vitrea,  150, 
Quebec],  XXV,  77-136,  pis.  IX,  X,  1882.  [Anthrax  me- 
lasoma,  80,  Ari.';.:  l^octacanthus  vlrginlanus,  109,  Va.] 
XXXVI,  1-60,  pis.  I,  II,  1883.  [Jurlnla  nltida,  18,  Ariz.: 
Echinomyla  lugubrls,  20,  Quebec:  Calobata  albiceps,  50, 
Quebec.] 

V  111  Remarks  on  certain  American  Diptera  from  the  T.ieyden  Mu-. 
seum  and  descriptions  of  nine  new  species.  Notes  from  the 
Leyden  Museum,  IV,  73-92,  1882.  [Notes :  Anthrax  me- 
lasoma,  74,  Ariz.:  Jurinia  nltida,  82,  Ariz.] 

112  Chn^sops  geminata  Wied.   und  Macq.     Wlen.  Entom.  Zeit. 

Ill,  139-141,  1884.  [Chrysops  crassieornis,  141,  Guan- 
axuato.] 

113  Nalezing  over  Amerikaanische  Diptera.    Tijdschr.  v.  Entom. 

XXVII,  1-4,  1884.     [Notes.] 


80 


Familika  ANit  Gkn-kra  ok 


1 


i  ! 


V  114  Bigot,  J.  F.  M.  Bull.  8oc  Ent.  Fr.  1887,  CLXXII-CXX  XIV. 
[Diagnoses  of  Calliphora  xantliorina,  Mex.;  Soinom^ia  rupi- 
cola,  ruflgena,  rectintTvis,  iridicolor,  Rocky  Mts.:  Pyrellia 
obscuripes,  Mt>x.;  Musea  atrifrons,  Cuba,  Mex.;  flavipen- 
nis,  Rocky  Mts.:  Pollenia  obscura,  N.  M.:  Xitel li^  iflnhri- 
cala,  Calif.:  Curtoneura  fulvipes,  vittigera,  anthomydea, 
Rocky  Mts.;  pallidicornis,  callidiincra,  Mex.;  nigriceps, 
Mex. — see  No.  31.] 

\  116  Bull.  Ent.  Soc.  Fr.  1888,  XXIX,  XXX.  [New  species  of 
Dolichopodidffi :  Psilopodius  hirtuius,  Hayti:  Psilopodinus 

ftallescens,  N.  C;  pampuecillus,  Hayti ;  carolinensis,  Qaro- 
inaj  occidentalis,  Calif  ;  astequinus;  Mex.;  Spatichira  pul- 
chrimana,  Rocky  Mts.:  Poecilobothrus  mexicanus,  Mex.J 

\  116  Dipt.  nouv.  ou  peu  connus.  An.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1888,  77-101. 
rTacliinidse,  Dexidte:  Jurinia  ?  barbata,  ganoides,  Mex.: 
Hystricia  fulvida,  70,  N.  A.:  Ecliinomyia  rubrifrons,  80, 
cora,  81,  macrocera,  81,  notata,  82,  Mex.:  Frontosia  rufo- 
Btylata,  83,  chrysupygata,  84,  Mex.:  Fabricia  infumata,  85, 
Mex.:  Blepliaropeza  monticola,  01,  Rocky  Mts..;  inermis,  01, 
N.  A.;  /uivipes.  Wash.  Terr.:  Cryptopalpus  flaviceps,  03, 
Rocky  MtsJ — 

117  BRAU':rt,  Fkiedkich.    Offenes  Sclireiben  als  Antwortauf  Herrn 

Baron  Osten  Sacken's  "Critical  Review"  meiner  Arbeit 
ueber  die  Notacanthen.  Vienna :  published  by  the  author, 
1888.    pp.  1-11. 

118  Systematische  Studien  auf  Grundlage  der  Dipteren  Larven 

nebst  ei:ier  Zusammenstellung  von  Beispielen  aus  der  Lit- 
eratur  ueber  derselben  und  Beschreibung  neuer  Fornien. 
Denkschr.  d.  k.  Akad.  d.  Wissensch.  X  LVII,  1-100, 4  pi.  1883. 

WHO  CoMSTOCK,  J.  H.  Report  upon  Cotton  Insects,  1879.  (Phora 
aletiae,209-211.)  The  same,  abridged,  U.  8.  Agric.  Rep.  for 
1870.     (Tachina  fraterna,  303.) 

^120  Haoen,  H.  a.  On  Simulium.  Canad.  Enfom.  XIII,  fto,  151, 
1881.     [Notes  on  various  sp.  of  Simulum.] 

V  121  List  of  North  American  Sarcophagidae,  examined  by  R.  H. 
Meade,  Esq.,  Bradford,  England.  Canad.  Entom.  XIII, 
146-150,  1881.  [Important  notes  on  the  Loew  and  O.  S. 
collections,  by  both  Meade  and  Hagen,  with  synoptic  ar- 
rangement. ] 

\/l22  List  of  North  American  Anthomyidae,  examined  by  R.  H. 
Meade,  Esq.,  Bradford,  England.  Canad.  Bntom.  XIII, 
43-51,  1881.  [Valuable  notes  on  the  Loew  and  O.  S.  col- 
lections.] 

\  123  KiRBT,  W.  Insects  of  the  Northern  parts  of  British  America* 
compiled  by  Rev.  C.  J.  S.  Bethune.  Canad.  Entom.  XIII, 
1881,  Diptera,  pp.  164-160.  [A  useful  reproduction  of 
Kirby's  Fauna  Boreali- Americana.] 


North  Ambrican  Diptbra. 


81 


\/i23 


124 


n/125 
\/l20 


LiNTNER,  J.  A.  On  Cecidomyia  legumenicola  n.  sp.  Canad. 
Entom.  XI,  121-124,  1879.  [Substitution  of  the  sp.  name 
for  trifolii  Lintner,  Can.  Ent.  XI,  44.] 

Lynch  Arrihalzaoa,  Enriqitk.  Catalogo  de  log  Dipteros 
hasta  aiiora  descritos  que  se  encuentran  en  Ihb  Kepublicas 
del  Rio  de  la  Plata.  Bol.  Acad.  1U>-152,  188».  [Distribu- 
tion and  synonymy  of  certain  N.  A.  species.] 

RiLBY.C.  V.      U.  S.  Agric.  Rep.  for  1884,  p.  322.      [Oscinis 
brassicse.] 

WiLLisTON,  S.  W.  Fourteentli  Rep.  of  the  State  Entomologist 
of  Illinois.  S.  A.  Forbes.  [Bxorista  infesta,  66;  by  an 
error  the  first  segment  of  the  abdomen  is  called  the  second, 
etc.  ] 


Writers  on  systematic  dipterology  of  the  present  time,  whose 
works  should  be  consulted  : 

Mbade,  Verrall,  England;  Braubr,  Mik,  Austria:  Beroroth. 
GiRHCHNER,  Handlirsch,  Karsch,  Osten  Sacken,  Boeder,  Gvi  n- 
any;  Kowarz,  Hungary;  Dkibuzicki,  Schnabl,  Poland;  vak  iJKR 
WtJLP,  Holland;  Portschinsky,  Russia;  Bigot,  Gobert,  France; 
CoQuiLLBTT,  W1LLI8TON,  North  America ;  Enrique  and  Felix  Lynch 
Arriralzaga,  South  America. 

.  Writers  on  economic  entomology,  whose  works  contain  important 
references  to  American  diptera : 

CoM8To<:!K,  New  York ;  Cook,  Michigan ;  Forbes,  Illinois ;  Lint- 
ner, New  York:  Rii.ey,  U.  S.  Agricultural  Department. 


Addenda  and  Corrigenda. 

ExoPTATA  Coquillett,  Can.  Entom.  XIX,  13,  1887.— Bombylidae. 

"  Third  nntennai  joint  furnished  with  a  distinct  terminal  style ; 
second  vein  issues  from  the  third  opposite  or  nearly  opposite  the 
small  cross- vein ;  anterior  branch  of  the  third  vein  connected  by  a 
cross- vein  with  the  second,  forming  three  submarginal  cells ;  first 
posterior  cell  divided  into  two  cells  by  a  cross- vein  placed  some  dis- 
tance before  tip  of  discal  cell :  anterior  branch  of  third  veiii  and 
veins  2,  8,  and  4  terminate  in  margin  of  wing>?;  no  pulvilli." 
Differs  from  Exoprosopa  in  having  two  first  posterior  cells. 

ENOPI.BMPI8  Bigot,  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  1880,  62.— Enipidse. 

"Generis  Empidis  proximum,  maxime  differt:  Femoribus  posticis 
robustis,  subtus,  apice,  profunde  mucronatis  et  unidentatis,  tibiis 
intus,  basi  similiter  mucronatis  ot  unidentatis,  dcntibus  villosulis, 


1    i 


'' 


as 


Familibh  anii  Gbnbra  <>!•' 


crassis.  E.  mira. — ^Testaceo  fulvo;  antcnnarum  apice,  haustello, 
femoribuB  posticis  auperne,  thoracis  HneiH  quinque,  lateralibus  in- 
terruptis,  fuscanis:  alis  flavidis.    Calif." 

Mboacttarus,  Bigot,  1.  c. — Empidse. 

"Quanquam  abest  ab  antcnnis.  Generis  Ocydromyiie 
vicinum,  differt :  Ce'lulis  basalibus  abbreviatis,  et,  discoidali  longis- 
siina,  lata,  subtrigona,  vena  transversali,  fortissime  ^inuosa  et 
alarum  marginis  posticis  proxima,  clausa.  M.  argenteu s. — 5inm. 
Cinereus,  vittis  quatour  thoracis,  haustello,  pedibus  totis,  abdominis 
extremo  apice,  alarum  macula  stigmaticali  minuta,  nigris;  abdo- 
mine  argenteo,  alls  hyalinis.     Colorado." 

HYFOCHARA88U8  Mik,  Verb.  Zool.  Bot.  Gesellsch.  1878,  627.— Doli- 
chopodidse. 
"  $  Hypostoma  latum,  sub  oculos  descendens  absque  taenia  trans- 
versali  elata,  in  parte  inferiore  convexum.  Palpi  exserti  latiusculi, 
obtusi,  probosciui  crassae,  obesae  incumbentes.  Antennae  elongatae: 
articulo  primo  superne  setoso,  secundo  transverso,  tertio  lanceolato, 
subtus  exoisit :  seta  apicali  crassa,  styliformi,  biarticulata,  articulo 

f>rimo  brevi;  secundo  longiore  ante  apicem  subincrassato.  Frons 
atissima,  hypostomate  brevior.  Oculi  velutini.  Thoracis  dorsum 
setulis  dense  obsitum,  setis  dorsalibus  interioribus  nullis,  ante  scu- 
tellum  non  inipressum.  Scutellum  seti  quatuor  marginalibus  vali 
dioribus.  Abdomen  segmentis  sex,  subdepressum,  postice  obtusum; 
ante  incisuras  setis  nullis.  Hypopygium  inclusum,  dppendicibus 
lamellatis,  prominulis.  Pedes  vaiidi :  femoribus  posticis  setis  prae- 
apicalibus  nullis,  metatarsis  posticis  setis  nullis,  elongatis ;  pulvillis 
anticis  reliquis  paullulum  majoribus.  Coxae  posticae  seta  porrecta 
nulla.  Alarum  costa  usque  ad  apicem  nervi  longitudinalis  quarti 
ducta ;  nervus  longitudinalis  tertius  et  quartus  arcuati,  apicem  ver- 
sus convergentes ;  nervus  longitudinalis  sextus  abbreviatus;  nervus 
transversalis  porterior  segmento  ultimo  nervi  longitudinalis  quinti 
longior." 


Page  6,  line  10,  read  'zweifluegelige';  line  13,  read 'europaeischen. ' 
"    37,  line  23,  read  'Rhabdopsglaph^s'. 
"    38,  line  2H,  read  'Toxophora';  line  28,  read'RHABDOPSBLA- 

PHIIS'. 

"    72,  line  9  from  bottom,  read  'Therioplectes'. 
"    73,  line  2,  insert:  Verb.  Zool.  Bot.  Gesellsch.  1878,  617-626 
"    76.  line  6  from  bottom,  read  '104';  the  same  correction  in 
Nos.  90  and  96. 


mawwuiftini  I  n^'mnii 


North  Amkrican  Diptbha. 


INDEX    OF    FAMILIES. 


AcRocBSii>.«: 39 

AOROMYZIDA, 64 

APKKTERiniB, 32 

AaiMDA,    .        .        .        .        • 28 

Astride,       ...                64 

bomb\i.ida, 34 

BORRORIDAi,    .                           64 

CoNOPU)*, 63 

CORDTLURIDwK, 60 

Diorsii)^, 62 

DoLiciiopoDiDii':, ,43 

Drobophilid.k, 63 

Ehpid.«: 41 

Ephydrid.!:, 63 

GsOMYZIDiB, 63 

Hklomyzii>«, 60 

Heteronkitrid.ic, 62 

HippOBOscii)^, 66 

LEPTin.K, 22 

LOKCH.CID^K, .  .61 

I^>NCHopTBRin^:, 40 

MlOROPEZIOJB 60 

Mii)\sii>.K .33 

MirRoiD.f: i*.        ...  67 

Nkmistrinid.«, 32 

Ntctbririd.v 66 


i ! 


1       : 
!      i 


mmm 


i    I 


84 


NOBTH  AMRRtOAH  DiPTBRA. 


(Ehtridx, 56 

OpoMYziniic, 62 

(>RTALII>i«, 61 

OsciNin*, 63 

Phorid^k, 64 

Phycoi>romida, •    .  .62 

PHYTOMYZIDiK, 64 

PlOPHILIPiK, 6.3 

PlPITNCrUDiK, •  ^ 

Pl.ATYPEZII»*,       .      - 66 

PHii.ii>ii!:, 60 

SAPROMYzin^:, .        .61 

SCKNOPINIIt^:, ,10 

SciOMYziDit:, 60 

Srpsii).s 62 

Stratiomyii)^:,          .                ...                .        .        ..  17 

Syrphid^ 47 

TABANIIlit:, 21 

Therevii»«,       , .  .38 

TRYPKTII>iK, 61 

J'TLOPHAGin*, .  16 


56 
,  62 
61 
63 
64 
.  62 
64 

m 

54 
56 
60 
61 
39 
60 
62 
17 
47 
.  21 

m 

61 
16 


